不同地理群体菲律宾蛤仔壳形态对体重性状的影响研究  

Effects of Shell Morphology on the Weight Traits of Manila Clam(Ruditapes philippinarum) from Different Geographical Populations

作　　者：王松林 许星鸿 涂康 刘志鸿[2] 张天时[2] 吴彪[2] 周丽青[2] 孙秀俊[2] WANG Songlin;XU Xinghong;TU Kang;LIU Zhihong;ZHANG Tianshi;WU Biao;ZHOU Liqing;SUN Xiujun(Marine Science and Fisheries College,Jiangsu Ocean University,Lianyungang 222005,China;Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes,Key Laboratory of Marine Fisheries and Sustainable Development,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Qingdao 266071,China;Putian Fisheries Research Institute,Putian 351100,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏海洋大学海洋科学与水产学院,江苏连云港222005 [2]中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所海洋渔业科学与食物产出过程功能实验室,农业农村部海洋渔业与可持续发展重点实验室,山东青岛266071 [3]莆田市水产研究所,福建莆田351100

出　　处：《渔业科学进展》2023年第6期142-154,共13页Progress in Fishery Sciences

基　　金：崂山实验室科技创新项目(LSKJ202203803);国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD0900702);中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所基本科研业务费(20603022022001);青岛市市南区科技计划项目(2022-2-026-ZH);莆田市科技计划项目(2021NJJ002);中国水产科学研究院基本科研业务费(2023TD30)共同资助。

摘　　要：采集我国南北沿海9个地理群体的菲律宾蛤仔(Ruditapes philippinarum),利用通径分析等方法评估各群体形态性状对活体重和软体重的影响。结果显示,各群体壳长、壳高、壳宽和壳厚4个形态性状对菲律宾蛤仔活体重和软体重的影响存在显著差异。除壳厚外,其他形态性状与活体重和软体重呈显著相关(P<0.05)。通径分析和决定系数分析显示,大多数群体的壳宽对活体重和软体重的直接作用最大。2个形态比例参数(壳宽/壳长和壳高/壳长)最大值出现在山东莱州群体(0.49和0.74),而最小值出现在大连东港群体(0.42和0.67)。壳厚的变异系数最大(22.74),而壳高的变异系数最小(9.47)。通过检验偏回归系数的显著性,建立了各群体形态性状对软体重的最优回归方程。聚类分析表明,菲律宾蛤仔不同群体未出现明显的地域分布特征,而呈现出不规律的南北交替聚类现象。本研究查明了不同地理群体菲律宾蛤仔壳形态性状对体重性状的影响,为菲律宾蛤仔地理群体的形态判别、种质资源分析和遗传育种研究等提供了重要科学依据。Shell morphological traits are important quantitative traits in shellfish.Shell morphology is usually affected by many factors,such as the ecological environment and shellfish genetics.It is considered the results of comprehensive actions of natural selection,micro-evolution,and heredity.Measuring shell morphological traits aids our understanding of the current situation of germplasm resources among shellfish species or intraspecific populations and also provides important breeding traits for shellfish breeding programs.For most shellfish,quality traits(eg.live weight and soft body weight) are considered the important breeding traits,but there are practical issues in using these traits,such as the inability or difficulty in measuring them in vivo.It is well known that shellfish quality traits are closely related to shell morphological traits.However,a simple correlation analysis between quality and morphological traits cannot adequately explain all the intrinsic links between these traits.In this study,Manila clams(Ruditapes philippinarum) were collected from nine geographical locations along the north and south coasts of China.The shell morphology and quality characteristics were measured and analyzed for the nine different populations of clams.Furthermore,the main factors affecting the quality traits were analyzed using cluster analysis to reveal the genetic relationships among the populations.The optimal regression equations were constructed using the morphological traits with the soft weights of these populations.For all populations,shell length,shell height,shell width,and shell thickness were measured using a vernier caliper(with an accuracy of 0.01 mm) and a thickness gauge.After wiping the surface of clams with filter paper,their live weight was measured on an electronic balance(with an accuracy of 0.01 g).A scalpel was used to sample the soft body from the clams.After drying,soft body weights were calculated using the difference between live weight and shell weight.The morphological data,including mean v

关 键 词：菲律宾蛤仔 壳形态性状 软体重 通径分析 聚类分析 

分 类 号：S966[农业科学—水产养殖]