北方吊笼养殖刺参肠道及其养殖环境菌群结构特征及其相关性分析  

Characteristics and Correlation Analysis of Bacterial Community Structure in the Gut of Apostichopus japonicus and Culture Water in Suspension Cages from North China

作　　者：刘艳霞 张靖婧 周叶青 王荦[1] 林志萍 丁君[1,2] 常亚青 LIU Yanxia;ZHANG Jingjing;ZHOU Yeqing;WANG Luo;LIN Zhiping;DING Jun;CHANG Yaqing(Dalian Ocean University,Agriculture Department Key Laboratory of Mariculture&Stock Enhancement in North China Sea,Dalian 116023,China;Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Guangzhou),Guangzhou 511458,China)

机构地区：[1]大连海洋大学农业农村部北方海水增养殖重点实验室,辽宁大连116023 [2]南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(广州),广东广州511458

出　　处：《渔业科学进展》2023年第6期190-202,共13页Progress in Fishery Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31902395);中央引导地方科技发展专项资金;大连市青年科技之星项目(2020RQ115);大连市高层次人才创新支持计划(2020RD03);南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(广州)人才团队引进重大专项(GML2019ZD0402)共同资助。

摘　　要：为探究北方吊笼养殖刺参(Apostichopus japonicus)肠道及其养殖环境菌群结构的关系,本研究基于高通量测序技术全面解析刺参肠道和养殖环境菌群结构和功能特征,并初步探讨刺参肠道及其养殖环境菌群相关性。结果显示,刺参肠道菌群丰度和多样性均显著高于养殖水体(P<0.05)。刺参肠道及养殖水体主要优势菌门均隶属于变形菌门(Proteobacteria)和拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes),二者存在13个相对丰度大于0.1%的共有核心菌属。此外,肠道菌群具有一定的独立性,其特异性菌群主要隶属于厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)和绿弯菌门(Chloroflexi),以芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus)、乳酸杆菌属(Lactobacillus)、海泥海球菌属(Halioglobus)、Lutimonas和Woeseia为代表。基于KEGG代谢通路数据库,共注释到300条三级代谢通路,其中146条存在极显著差异(P<0.001)。刺参肠道菌群差异代谢通路主要表现在代谢方面,具体表现为碳水化合物消化吸收、蛋白质消化吸收和鞘脂类代谢。研究表明,刺参肠道菌群种类与其养殖水体呈高度相似性,但相对丰度存在显著性差异。本研究结果可为北方刺参吊笼健康养殖提供一定的理论依据。Owing to its high economic and nutritional value,Apostichopus japonicus is an important mariculture species in North China.Because of the rapid development of its aquaculture industry in recent years,the limitations of traditional aquaculture modes such as pond aquaculture,cofferdam aquaculture,and beach aquaculture have become increasingly prominent.Therefore,the high-efficiency and healthy northern suspension cage A.japonicus breeding model,with the best comprehensive benefits and the least management problems,came into being.Microorganisms,as an essential part of the aquaculture pond ecosystem,not only play an important role in the material circulation and energy flow of the ecosystem,but also have great significance in maintaining ecosystem balance.As a representative invertebrate,echinoderms such as A.japonicus have a simple digestive structure.Bacteria account for a large proportion of the gut microbiome of A.japonicus,providing more than 70% of their energy demand.The bacterial community is closely related to the healthy growth of the host and plays an important role in digestion and metabolism,defense against pathogens,and immune function.However,the complex bacterial community in the gut of aquaculture species depends on the culture environment,and there is a close symbiotic relationship between the environmental and gut bacterial community which affects the survival and growth of organisms,disease occurrence,and material circulation.Previous studies have shown that the complex bacterial community in the gut of A.japonicus primarily comes from their habitat and maintains a relatively stable dynamic balance with the external environmental community.In order to improve the growth capacity of A.japonicus and quality of the culture water,it is important to understand the structural characteristics of the bacterial communities of A.japonicus and their culture water to support the development of the A.japonicus aquaculture industry.This information will provide a theoretical reference for the healthy aquacultu

关 键 词：刺参 肠道菌群 吊笼养殖 高通量测序 菌群结构 

分 类 号：S966.9[农业科学—水产养殖]