关停铅锌冶炼厂土壤重金属污染特征及风险评价  

Pollution Characteristics and Risk Assessment of Heavy Metal Contamination in Soil Around a Lead-Zinc Smelter After Closure

作　　者：王夏 马建源 Wang Xia;Ma Jianyuan(Gansu Environmental Monitoring Center Station,Lanzhou,Gansu 730020,China;Gansu Academy of Eco-environmental Science,Lanzhou,Gansu 730020,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃省环境监测中心站,甘肃兰州730020 [2]甘肃省生态环境科学设计研究院,甘肃兰州730020

出　　处：《绿色科技》2023年第18期116-120,共5页Journal of Green Science and Technology

基　　金：甘肃省科技厅项目(编号:21CX6ZA036)。

摘　　要：为探讨铅锌冶炼对土壤环境质量的影响,对甘肃某铅锌冶炼厂土壤中重金属含量进行了分析,并运用单因子污染指数法和内梅罗综合污染指数法对土壤重金属污染程度进行了评价。结果表明:Pb、Zn、Cd、Cu、As、Hg平均值是土壤背景值的13.6、6.3、85、2、1.5、14倍,Cr、Ni平均值均低于甘肃省土壤背景值。单因子污染指数评价结果显示,Cd(14.69)达到重度污染,Pb(1.49)、Zn(1.44)达到轻度污染,这3种元素是影响土壤环境质量的主要污染因子。研究区域内梅罗综合污染指数0.13~318.66,均值为9.46,污染级别在安全-重度污染区间均有分布。相关性分析和主成分分析的结果表明:Pb、Zn、Cd、As、Hg主要受冶炼生产等人为因素的影响,Cr和Ni主要受成土母质等自然因素的作用,Cu可能受自然因素和人为活动的共同作用。In order to explore the effects of lead-zinc smelting on soil environmental quality,the heavy metal content in the soil of a lead-zinc smelter in Gansu was analyzed,and the degree of heavy metal pollution was evaluated using the Single Pollution Index(Pi)and the Nemero Synthesis Pollution Index(PN).The results showed that the average values of Pb,Zn,Cd,Cu,As,and Hg were 13.6,6.3,85,2,1.5,and 14 times higher than the soil background values,while the average values of Cr and Ni were lower than the soil background values in Gansu Province.The Pi values indicated that Cd reached heavy pollution level(14.69),while Pb and Zn reached slight pollution levels(1.49 and 1.44,respectively).These three elements were the main pollution factors affecting soil environmental quality.The PN values ranged from 0.13 to 318.66,and the average of PN values was 9.46 while the pollution levels were distributed from the safe to severe pollution degree.According to the correlation analysis and the principal component analysis,Pb,Zn,Cd,As and Hg were mainly influenced by human activities such as smelting production.Cr and Ni were mainly influenced by natural factors such as soil parent materials,and Cu may be influenced by both natural and human activities.

关 键 词：铅锌冶炼 土壤 重金属 污染 风险评价 

分 类 号：X820[环境科学与工程—环境工程]