减氮条件下不同施肥模式对稻茬烤烟生长和养分积累及利用效率的影响  

Effects of different fertilization models under nitrogen-reducing condition on the growth,nutrient accumulation and utilization efficiency of rice stubble flue-cured tobacco

作　　者：李伟 何铭钰 邓小华[2] 肖汉乾 黄杰 向铁军 李武进 肖艳松 李旭[5] 于大棚 LI Wei;HE Minyu;DENG Xiaohua;XIAO Hanqian;HUANG Jie;XIANG Tiejun;LI Wujin;XIAO Yansong;LI Xu;YU Dapeng(Tobacco Leaf Management Department of Hunan Tobacco Company,Changsha 410004;College of Agronomy,Hunan Agri-cultural University,Changsha 410128;Hunan Jinyezhongwang Technology Co.,Ltd.,Yueyang 414307;Hunan Tobacco Com-pany Chenzhou Company,Chenzhou 423000;Jilin Tobacco Industry Co.,Ltd,Yanji 133000)

机构地区：[1]湖南省烟草公司烟叶管理处,长沙410004 [2]湖南农业大学农学院,长沙410128 [3]湖南金叶众望科技股份有限公司,岳阳414307 [4]湖南省烟草公司郴州市公司,郴州423000 [5]吉林烟草工业有限责任公司,延吉133000

出　　处：《安徽农业大学学报》2023年第5期869-875,共7页Journal of Anhui Agricultural University

基　　金：湖南省烟草专卖局科技项目(19-22Aa03);吉林烟草工业有限责任公司科技项目(KJXM-2023-15)共同资助。

摘　　要：为明确减氮条件下不同施肥模式对稻茬烤烟生长发育及肥料利用效率的影响。采用单因素随机区组试验,研究了不同施肥模式对烤烟根系生长、地上部生长、干物质及养分积累分配和肥料利用效率的影响。结果表明,在传统施肥(162.0 kg·hm-2)基础上,减氮22.22%的促根减氮施肥模式有利于促进烤烟的根系生长和地上部生长,能够提高烤烟生长期间的烟株干物质积累量和烟叶干物质积累量,提高烟株的氮素积累量及烟叶中的氮、钾积累量;促根减氮施肥模式能够提高烤烟氮肥吸收效率21.98%,氮肥利用效益10.39 kg·kg^(-1),氮肥干物质积累效率34.95%。促根减氮施肥模式能促进烤烟烟株生长,提高烟株养分吸收能力,提高烤烟的肥料利用效率。该结果这为我国南方多雨烟稻轮作区烤烟肥料高效利用提供了理论参考。In order to clarify the effects of different fertilization model under nitrogen-reducing condition on the growth and fertilizer utilization efficiency of rice stubble flue-cured tobacco,a single factor experiment with randomized block was used to study the effects of different fertilization modes on root growth,above-ground growth,dry matter and nutrient accumulation and distribution,and fertilizer utilization efficiency of flue-cured tobacco.The results showed that the root promotion and nitrogen reduction fertilization model which was 22.22%nitrogen reduced from traditional fertilization(162.0 kg·hm-2)was beneficial to promote the root growth and above-ground growth of flue-cured tobacco,and could increase the dry matter accumulation of tobacco plants and that of tobacco leaves during tobacco growth period,and increase the total nitrogen accumulation of tobacco plants and the accumulation of nitrogen and potassium of tobacco leaves.The root promotion and nitrogen reduc-tion fertilization model could improve the nitrogen absorption efficiency by 21.98%,the nitrogen utilization effi-ciency by 10.39 kg·kg^(-1)and the nitrogen accumulation efficiency by 34.95%.The root promotion and nitrogen reduction fertilization model could promote the tobacco plant growth,improve the nutrient absorption capacity and the fertilizer utilization efficiency of flue-cured tobacco.The result provides a theoretical reference for the flue-cured tobacco’s efficient utilization of fertilizer in rainy southern China rice-tobacco rotation areas.

关 键 词：稻茬烤烟 促根减氮施肥模式 养分积累与分配 养分利用效率 

分 类 号：S572.062[农业科学—烟草工业]