氧化淀粉及其复合材料的制备及性能研究  

Preparation and Properties of Oxidized Starch and Its Composites

作　　者：姜林旭 王晓广[1,2] 刘琳 夏发明 JIANG Lin-xu;WANG Xiao-guang;LIU lin;XIA Fa-ming(Wuhan Textile University,Wuhan 430200,China;Hubei Dingxin Environmental Protection Biomass Materials Co.,Ltd.,Huangshi 435200,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉纺织大学,湖北武汉430200 [2]湖北顶新环保生物质材料有限公司,湖北黄石435200

出　　处：《塑料科技》2023年第10期43-47,共5页Plastics Science and Technology

摘　　要：研究以戴斯马丁(DMP)为氧化剂制备氧化淀粉、糊化氧化淀粉、酯化淀粉和氧化酯化淀粉,在高温条件下,将淀粉与甘油通过双螺杆挤出机制备热塑性淀粉复合材料,对热塑性淀粉复合材料的力学性能、晶体结构、热稳定性、表面形貌进行分析。结果表明:氧化淀粉、糊化氧化淀粉、氧化酯化淀粉的拉伸强度由原淀粉的9.3 MPa分别提升至11.4、9.9、10.8 MPa。玉米淀粉经氧化或酯化改性后,并没有改变淀粉晶体结构,但其塑化后的晶体结构发生改变。淀粉经单一改性后,热稳定有所提升,氧化淀粉和酯化淀粉的热分解开始温度(T_(d,1))由原淀粉的226℃分别提升至260℃、262℃;经复合改性后,氧化酯化淀粉的T_(d,1)进一步提升至274℃。氧化改性后淀粉塑化后样品表面没有明显的淀粉小颗粒,说明氧化淀粉塑化效果最好。The article utilizes Desmartin(DMP)as an oxidizing agent to prepare oxidized starch,pregelatinized oxidized starch,esterified starch,and oxidized esterified starch.Thermoplastic starch composites were prepared by twin-screw extruder with starch and glycerol at high temperature.The mechanical properties,crystal structure,thermal stability and surface morphology of thermoplastic starch composites were analyzed.The results show that the tensile strength of oxidized starch,gelatinized oxidized starch,and oxidized esterified starch increase from 9.3 MPa to 11.4,9.9 and 10.8 MPa,respectively.The crystal structure of corn starch does not change after oxidation or esterification modification,but the crystal structure changed after plasticization.After single modification,the thermal stability of starch is improved,and the thermal decomposition onset temperature(T_(d,1))of oxidized starch and esterified starch increase from 226℃to 260℃and 262℃,respectively.After composite modification,the T_(d,1) of oxidized esterified starch is further increased to 274℃.There is no obvious starch granules on the surface of the sample after oxidation modification,indicating that the plasticizing effect of oxidized starch is the best.

关 键 词：戴斯马丁氧化剂 氧化淀粉 氧化酯化淀粉 热塑性 

分 类 号：TB332[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]