高直链淀粉/聚乳酸接枝共聚物的制备及性能研究  

Preparation and Properties of High Amylose Starch/Polylactic Acid Graft Copolymer

作　　者：程伟琴 杨鹏飞[1,3] 冯明 霍二福 倪中海 CHENG Wei-qin;YANG Peng-fei;FENG Ming;HUO Er-fu;NI Zhong-hai(Henan Chemical Industry Institute Co.,Ltd.,Zhengzhou 450052,China;School of Chemical Engineering and Technology,China University of Mining and Technology,Xuzhou 461200,China;Fine Chemical Intermediate Engineering Technology Research Center of Henan Province,Zhengzhou 450052,China)

机构地区：[1]河南省化工研究所有限责任公司,河南郑州450052 [2]中国矿业大学化工学院,江苏徐州461200 [3]河南省精细化工中间体工程技术研究中心,河南郑州450052

出　　处：《塑料科技》2023年第10期77-80,共4页Plastics Science and Technology

基　　金：河南省科学院基本科研业务费资助(220608036)。

摘　　要：采用高直链玉米淀粉(HAS)为接枝骨架,丙交酯作为接枝单体,在碱性催化剂促进下制备了高直链淀粉/聚乳酸接枝共聚物(HSTL),通过L(934)正交试验法,研究了投料比、反应温度、反应时间和溶剂体积对HSTL接枝率的影响。通过红外光谱(FTIR)和核磁共振(NMR)对合成的HSTL进行了表征。此外,测试了HSTL的分子量及其分布、力学性能。结果表明:在高直链淀粉结构单元与丙交酯的物质的量比为1∶5时,反应温度为90℃,反应时间为7 h,溶剂体积为5 L的条件下,HSTL接枝率达到180.23%。聚乳酸分子成功接枝到高直链淀粉骨架上形成了接枝共聚物。HSTL的M_(n)(D)分子量最高达到1.303×105。随着接枝率的增加,HSTL分子量和分散度也相应增大,同时断裂伸长率也逐渐提高,弹性模量则降低。当接枝率为92.28%时,HSTL的邵氏硬度为67.3 HD。High amylose corn starch/polylactic acid graft copolymer(HSTL)was prepared by using high amylose corn starch(HA)as graft skeleton and lactide as graft monomer under the promotion of alkaline catalyst.The effects of feed ratio,reaction temperature,reaction time and solvent volume on the grafting rate of HSTL were studied by L9(34)orthogonal test.The synthesized HSTL was characterized by infrared spectroscopy(FTIR)and nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR).In addition,the molecular weight and its distribution,mechanical properties of HSTL were tested.The results show that when the amount of substance ratio of high amylose structural unit to lactide is 1∶5,reaction temperature is 90℃,reaction time is 7 h,and solvent volume is 5 L,grafting rate of HSTL reaches 180.23%.The polylactic acid molecule is successfully grafted onto the high amylose skeleton to form a graft copolymer.The M_(n)(D)molecular weight of HSTL is up to 1.303×105.With the increase of grafting rate,the molecular weight and dispersion of HSTL increases,the elongation at break also increases,and the elastic modulus decreases.When the grafting rate is 92.28%,the Shore hardness of HSTL is 67.3 HD.

关 键 词：高直链淀粉 聚乳酸 接枝共聚 力学性能 

分 类 号：TB332[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程] TH145.4[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]