转移支付与区域平衡发展  

Transfer Payments and Regional Balanced Development

作　　者：樊丽明[1] 解垩[1] Fan Liming;Xie E(School of Economics,Shandong University)

机构地区：[1]山东大学经济学院

出　　处：《政治经济学评论》2023年第5期26-59,共34页China Review of Political Economy

摘　　要：转移支付与区域平衡发展是宏观经济学领域的重要议题,也是国民收入分配的现实关切。自改革开放以来,中国经济发展取得了巨大成就,但与此同时也引发了区域发展不平衡、收入差距凸显等一系列矛盾,这显然是当前共同富裕目标实现的瓶颈。财政转移支付制度作为一种区域补偿政策载体,是实现区域间均衡发展战略的重要手段,更是筑牢边疆安全、维护社会稳定、加强民族团结的有力举措。但在实践中,我国的转移支付制度建设仍存在不足之处,在促进均等化等方面尚未达到令人满意的政策预期,由此备受国内学者的关注。本文通过对相关文献的梳理发现,既有研究搭建了转移支付推动区域平衡发展的基本分析框架,重点聚焦于转移支付对公共服务均等化、地方政府行为以及经济协调发展等方面的影响,并以转移支付的财力均衡效应、地方官员偏好等因素为抓手对内在作用机制做出了进一步的剖析。不可否认的是,我国的转移支付制度在推动区域平衡发展上取得了一定的成效,整体呈现出基本公共服务均等化效应长期趋好的特征,对口支援等具有横向转移支付性质的措施更是充分彰显了中国特色。但是,转移支付在促进区域经济协调发展等方面的功能发挥还有待提升,因此有必要在立足于我国国情和实际的基础上,借鉴国际上的成功经验以健全我国的财政转移支付体系、增强转移支付的精准性和提高资金使用效率。Transfer payment and regional balanced development is not only an important topic in the field of macroeconomics,but also the practical concern of national income distribution.Since the reform and opening up,China's economic development has made remarkable achievements,but at the same time,it also caused a series of contradictions such as imbalanced regional development and income gap,which are obviously the bottleneck restricting the realization of the goal of common prosperity.As a carrier of regional compensation policy,financial transfer payment system is an important means to realize the strategy of regional balanced development,and it is also a powerful measure to strengthen border security,maintain social stability and strengthen national unity.However,in practice,the construction of transfer payment system in China still has some shortcomings,and it has not reached satisfactory policy expectations in promoting equalization,so it has been widely concerned by domestic scholars.Based on the review of relevant literature,this paper finds that the existing studies have set up a basic analysis framework for the transfer payment to promote regional balanced development,focusing on the impact of transfer payments on equalization of public services,local government behavior and coordinated economic development,and further analyzing the internal mechanism of transfer payments based on the financial balance effect of transfer payments,local officials'behavior and other factors.It is undeniable that China's transfer payment system has achieved certain results in promoting regional balanced development,showing a long-term trend in the equalization effect of basic public services,and measures with the nature of horizontal transfer payment such as matching support have fully demonstrated Chinese characteristics.However,the function of transfer payment in promoting the coordinated development of regional economy still needs to be improved.Therefore,it is necessary to draw on the successful international experience on the

关 键 词：转移支付 区域平衡发展 财力均衡 公共服务均等化 政府行为 

分 类 号：F832.2[经济管理—金融学] F724.6F127