资本主义福利国家之困境的政治经济学透视——重访20世纪70年代英国马克思主义国家理论辩论  

A Political Economic Perspective on the Predicament of Welfare Capitalist Countries:Revisit the Marxist State Theory Debate in Britain in the 1970s

作　　者：朱宝清 高岭 王艺明 Zhu Baoqing;Gao Ling;Wang Yiming(Research Institute of Marxism,Zhejiang Provincial Party School of the CPC;School of Economics and Wang Yanan Institute for Studies in Economics,Xiamen University;Wang Yanan Institute for Studies in Economics,Xiamen University)

机构地区：[1]中共浙江省委党校马克思主义研究院 [2]厦门大学经济学院 [3]厦门大学王亚南经济研究院

出　　处：《政治经济学评论》2023年第5期172-195,共24页China Review of Political Economy

基　　金：国家社会科学研究基金重大项目“中国特色社会主义政治经济学体系中的国家理论”(项目编号:19ZDA056);教育部人文社会科学研究青年项目“马克思主义政治经济学视角的国家理论演进及其当代意义研究”(项目编号:21YJC790033);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助“政治经济学视角下国有企业生产组织创新与共同富裕实现路径研究”(项目编号:20720221030)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：20世纪西方凯恩斯主义福利国家的建立与发展为资本主义带来了繁荣,同时也导致了严重的社会危机。对国家问题的重新审视在20世纪60年代末由密利本德—普兰查斯之争拉开序幕,直接影响了20世纪70年代英国关于马克思主义国家理论的辩论。这场辩论为我们透视资本主义国家在处理“积累”与“合法化”之间的两难境地提供了理论棱镜。辩论大致分为两个阶段:第一阶段是1970—1975年,该时期主要聚焦于新李嘉图主义与原教旨主义关于国家支出危机的异见,以高夫为代表的新李嘉图主义者认为国家支出主要是生产性的,危机发生在分配领域;以亚菲、布洛克、法因和哈里斯等为代表的原教旨主义者认为国家支出是非生产性的,危机主要发生在生产领域,尤其是利润率下降趋势。第二阶段是1975年后,出现了以阶级斗争为分析核心的新进路,以霍洛威、皮乔托、克拉克等为代表,并将其运用于对工人阶级与福利国家之间矛盾和斗争的案例和经验研究。马克思主义政治经济学中的国家理论是当前学术研究的一个薄弱环节,“回顾英国CSE辩论”有助于理论界深入思考今后如何重构马克思主义国家理论。The establishment and development of western Keynesian welfare states in the 20th century brought prosperity to capitalism,and at the same time caused serious social crises.The re-examination of the issue of state was kicked off by the Millibond-Planchas dispute in the late 1960s,which directly influenced the debate on the Marxist state theory in Britain in the 1970s.This debate provides a theoretical prism for us to see the dilemma between“accumulation”and“legalization”in capitalist countries.The British debate can be roughly divided into two stages.The first stage was from 1970 to 1975,mainly focusing on the dissent of neo-Ricardianism and fundamentalism on the crisis of state expenditure.Represented by Goff,neo-Ricardian believes that state expenditure is mainly productive,and the crisis occurs in the field of distribution;fundamentalist represented by Yaffe,Bullock,Fine and Harris believes that state expenditure is unproductive,and the crisis mainly occurs in the field of production,especially the declining tendency of profit rates.The second stage was after 1975,and a new approach with class struggle as the core of analysis emerged.Represented by Holloway,Picciotto,Clark,etc.,they applied it to the case and empirical research on the contradictions and struggles between the working class and the welfare state.The state theory in Marxist political economy is a weak link in current academic research.Reviewing the Britain CSE debate will help the theoretical community think deeply about how to reconstruct Marxist state theory in the future.

关 键 词：英国CSE辩论 国家理论 新李嘉图主义 原教旨主义 福利国家 

分 类 号：F0-0[经济管理—政治经济学]