居住建筑节能行为的热舒适基础及应用  

Foundation and Application of Thermal Comfort of Energy-saving Behaviors in Residential Buildings

作　　者：刘大龙[1] 李俐瑶 马茹婷 LIU Dalong;LI Liyao;MA Ruting(School of architecture,Xi’an Univ.of Arch.&Tech,Xi’an 710055,China)

机构地区：[1]西安建筑科技大学建筑学院,西安710055

出　　处：《建筑科学》2023年第10期36-42,共7页Building Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(51878536)。

摘　　要：为探索节能行为的内在机制,研究了人体热耐受性特征,及其对居住建筑空调能耗的影响规律。采用人工气候室测量了在静坐、电风扇、扇扇子、湿毛巾擦拭4种热调节行为方式的人体热感觉,得到4种行为对应的热容忍温度。探讨了在空调环境中继续发挥人体热容忍能力对空调设定温度的影响。通过动态能耗模拟,获得了杭州和广州的夏季居住建筑在节能行为作用后的空调设定温度,据此分析了各节能行为的空调节能规律。研究发现:4种热调节行为的容忍温度范围为:29.2~31.1℃;4种调节行为的最佳空调设定温度范围:27.5~29.5℃;4种热调节行为的节能率变化范围为:27%~82%。In order to explore the internal mechanism of energy-saving behavior,the characteristics of human thermal tolerance and its influence on the energy consumption of air-conditioning in residential buildings were studied.The human thermal sensation of the four thermal adjustment behavior modes of sitting,using electric fan,using fan,and wet towel wiping under different temperatures was measured in the artificial climate room,and the corresponding heat tolerance temperature of the four behaviors was obtained.The paper further discussed the influence of the thermal tolerance of the human body on the set air conditioning temperature in an air-conditioned environment.The set temperatures of air conditioners in residential buildings in Hangzhou and Guangzhou during summer were determined by dynamic stimulation of energy consumption and the“energy-saving laws”of air conditioning in each energy efficiency behavior were then analyzed.It is found that the tolerance temperature range of the four thermal regulation behaviors should be 29.2~31.1℃,the optimal setting temperature range of air conditioning with different behavior adjustment strategies should be 27.5~29.5℃,and the energy-saving rate of the four thermal adjustment behaviors ranges from 27% to 82%.

关 键 词：行为节能 热耐受 容忍温度 空调设定温度 节能率 

分 类 号：TU831[建筑科学—供热、供燃气、通风及空调工程]