温度对建筑环境中甲醛释放率影响的实测研究  

Field Measurement Study of Temperature Influence on Formaldehyde Release Rate in Building Indoor Environment

作　　者：刘琨 张晓涵 郑紫豪 姚倩 郑晓红[2] 申维维 李婷[4] 刘聪[2] LIU Kun;ZHANG Xiaohan;ZHENG Zihao;YAO Qian;ZHENG Xiaohong;SHEN Weiwei;LI Ting;LIU Cong(China Green Development Investment Group Co.,LTD.,Beijing 100000,China;School of Energy and Environment,Southeast University,Nanjing 210000,China;Changzhou institute of building science group Co.,LTD.,Changzhou 213000,Jiangsu,China;Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China)

机构地区：[1]中国绿发投资集团有限公司,北京100000 [2]东南大学能源与环境学院,江苏南京210000 [3]常州市建筑科学研究院集团股份有限公司,江苏常州213000 [4]清华大学,北京100084

出　　处：《建筑科学》2023年第10期119-125,共7页Building Science

基　　金：中国绿发投资集团有限公司科技项目“恒温恒湿恒氧技术体系研究与关键技术研发”(项目编号:529000210009)。

摘　　要：目前关于温度对甲醛释放率的影响的研究中,实验对象以环境舱中的单一板材为主,对于多种释放源同时存在的实际环境中温度的影响特征还不清楚。本文通过实验测量13间新装修房间的甲醛浓度特征,研究了温度对甲醛释放率的影响,计算得到真实环境下的温度修正系数,并与文献中针对环境舱内单一板材的实验研究结果进行对比。结果表明,常温下室内甲醛浓度分布在0.03~0.14 mg/m^(3)之间,中位值为0.08 mg/m^(3),均值为0.08 mg/m^(3),其中有4间房间的浓度值超过了室内空气质量标准限值0.1 mg/m^(3),超标率达31%。对房间进行1 h加热后,室内甲醛浓度分布在0.04~0.16 mg/m^(3)之间,中位值为0.12 mg/m^(3),均值为0.11 mg/m^(3)。升温后,房间内甲醛释放率较升温前显著增大,分别为0.34~2.01 mg/h(中位值:1.03 mg/h)和0.22~1.71 mg/h(中位值:0.64 mg/h)。进一步计算获得实验房间的温度修正系数在0.01~0.26 mg/(h·℃)之间,均值为0.11 mg/(h·℃)。与文献中基于环境舱实验获得的温度修正结果对比发现,两者之间存在40%以下的偏差,并分析了与实际环境中的温度修正比偏差更小、更适用于中国真实环境下的室内甲醛整体释放特征的温度修正关系式。本文通过实测研究获得了温度对实际建筑环境中甲醛释放率的影响,对进一步开展真实环境下甲醛测量的温度修正具有较好的指导意义。Current studies on the effects of temperature on formaldehyde emission rate mainly use chambers with a single variety of building material as the subject and the effects of temperature in a realistic environment with multiple emission sources remain unclear.In this study,the formaldehyde concentration was experimentally measured in 13 newly renovated rooms and the influence of temperature on the formaldehyde emission rate was illustrated.The temperature correction coefficient in the realistic environment was measured and compared with the result of chamber studies in literature.The results showed that formaldehyde concentrations generally range from 0.03 to 0.14 mg/m^(3),with a median value of 0.08 mg/m^(3),and average value of 0.08 mg/m^(3).The concentration of formaldehyde in 4 rooms exceeds the indoor air quality standard limit of 0.1 mg/m^(3),with an exceeding rate of 31%.After heating for 1 hour,the indoor formaldehyde concentration increases,with the range of 0.04~0.16 mg/m^(3)(median value of 0.12 mg/m^(3),and average value of 0.11 mg/m^(3)).Compared with that before heating,the formaldehyde emission rate increased significantly after heating,with the median value of 0.64 mg/h(0.22~1.71mg/h)and 1.03 mg/h(range of 0.34~2.01 mg/h),respectively.Moreover,temperature correction coefficients were calculated in the range of 0.01~0.26 mg/(h·℃)(average value of 0.11 mg/(h·℃)).The comparison results suggested a deviation of less than 40%.Moreover,the temperature correction relationship with the smaller temperature correction ratio was analyzed,which is more suitable for indoor formaldehyde emission characteristics under a realistic environment in China.This study identified the effect of temperature on the formaldehyde emission rate in a realistic building environment based on field measurement,providing meaningful guidance in temperature correction of formaldehyde measurement in a realistic environment.

关 键 词：甲醛释放率 温度 实测 真实环境 温度修正 

分 类 号：TU831[建筑科学—供热、供燃气、通风及空调工程]