液氢温区大功率脉管制冷机模拟及实验研究  

Simulation and experimental investigation of high-capacity pulse tube refrigerator at liquid hydrogen temperature

作　　者：胡荣泽 朱绍伟[1,2] Hu Rongze;Zhu Shaowei(Institute of Refrigeration and Cryogenics,School of Mechanical Engineering,Tongji University,Shanghai 201804,China;Shanghai Key Lab of Vehicle Aerodynamics and Vehicle Thermal Management Systems,Tongji University,Shanghai 201804,China)

机构地区：[1]同济大学机械与能源工程学院制冷及低温工程研究所,上海201804 [2]同济大学上海市地面交通工具空气动力与热环境模拟重点实验室,上海201804

出　　处：《低温工程》2023年第5期24-28,74,共6页Cryogenics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(No.52076151);国家重点研发课题计划(No.2022YFB4002802)。

摘　　要：考虑到现有的热耦合双级脉管制冷机在第二级上存在效率低、冷量小等问题,对一种大功率脉管制冷机的第二级(视为整机)进行了单独的模拟和实验研究。模拟结果表明在回热器直径为55 mm的冷头设计下惯性管调相能力足够,减短惯性管长度或增大惯性管直径可有效改善回热器相位,并可通过调节工作频率使回热器相位达到理想状态。实验结果表明当惯性管长度为3 m,直径为10 mm,运行频率为58 Hz,工作电压为240 V时,获得47.8 K无负荷制冷温度,在输入功为777 W时,于129.3 K得到60 W制冷量,比卡诺效率为10.27%。因此,第二级具有较好的制冷性能。A simulation and experimental investigation of the second stage of a high-capacity pulse tube refrigerator(as a complete machine)is carried out to solve the problem of the existing thermal-coupled two-stage pulse tube refrigerator whose second stage has low efficiency and small cooling power.The simulation results show that the phase shifting capability of the inertance tube is sufficient when the regenerator diameter is 55 mm.Reducing the inertance tube length or increasing the inertance tube diameter within a certain range can effectively improve the regenerator phase,and the regenerator phase can reach the ideal state by adjusting the operating frequency.The experimental results show that the refrigerator obtains a no-load cooling temperature of 47.8 K and a cooling power of 60 W at 129.3 K with an input work of 777 W,when the inertance tube length is 3 m,the diameter is 10 mm,the operating frequency is 58 Hz and the operating voltage is 240 V.The specific Carnot efficiency reaches 10.27%.Therefore,the second stage has a good refrigeration performance,which prepares the cooling temperature to reach the liquid hydrogen temperature after integrating the two-stage refrigerator.

关 键 词：脉管制冷机 第二级 惯性管 回热器相位 液氢 

分 类 号：TB651[一般工业技术—制冷工程]