两种朱顶红杂交育种及后代花型分析  

Cross Breeding and Floral Type Analysis of Offspring of Two Species of Hippeastrum Rutilum

作　　者：郑珺 陈静 梁旭红 杨胜利 周训娟 周丽 ZHENG Jun;CHEN Jing;LIANG Xuhong;YANG Shengli;ZHOU Xunjuan;ZHOU Li(School of Biology and Chemitry,Minzu Normal University of Xingyi,Xingy Guizhou 562400;Key Laboratory of Research and Development of Ethnic Medicinal Biological Resources in Guizchou Province,Xingyi Guizhou 562400)

机构地区：[1]兴义民族师范学院生物与化学学院,贵州兴义562400 [2]贵州省民族药用生物资源研究与开发重点实验室,贵州兴义562400

出　　处：《兴义民族师范学院学报》2023年第5期112-117,共6页Journal of Minzu Normal University of Xingyi

基　　金：2022年国家级大学生创新创业训练计划项目“朱顶红杂交育种和种球蜡封技术研究”(项目编号:202210666516)。

摘　　要：为了进一步提高朱顶红观赏价值,并为其花型优异性状的选育研究提供理论参考,实验选用花朱顶红和朱顶红品种蕊罗娜为亲本,进行人工杂交授粉。研究结果表明:两亲本具有较高亲和性,平均结实率达到92.2%,种子播种10天后开始萌发,萌发率达到91.1%;幼苗生长中,施用400×的花多多(15:15:15)可使小苗鳞茎生长最快,生长20个月后可开花,F1代种球只抽出一支花箭的比例高达61.1%,花葶高度为21.2~68.9cm,分离广泛,高度处于正常值占比48%,粗度在正常值范围内占比72%;每个种球盛开3~11朵花不等,花期长达1个多月,椭圆形花瓣占比52.8%,圆形花瓣47.2%;后代发生性状分离花色不一,其中红色条纹清晰或模糊、暗红色条纹清晰的花具有高观赏性。从花葶高度和粗度、每个种球花朵盛开数量、花期时长、花朵颜色和花瓣形状分析,杂交F1代综合两亲本的花朵特性,遗传了父本蕊罗娜白色花色和钝圆花瓣,具有植物生长健壮和观赏性高的特性。In order to further improve the ornamental value of vermilion and provide a theoretical reference for the breeding of its excellent character of flower type,the experiment selected barbadoslily and Rona vermilion as the parents and carried out artificial cross pollination.The results showed that the two parents had a high affinity,the average seed setting rate reached 92.2%,the seed germination began 10 days after sowing,the germination rate reached 91.1%.In seedling growth,apply 400X of flowers(15:15:15)It can make the seedling bulbs grow fastest and bloom after 20 months of growth.The proportion of F1 seed balls only extracting one flower arrow is as high as 61.1%,the height of the flower stalk is 21.2~68.9cm,and the separation is extensive,accounting for 48%of the normal value,and the thickness is 72%within the normal value range.Each ball had 3-11 flowers in full bloom,and the flowering period lasted for more than 1 month,with oval petals accounting for 52.8%and round petals 47.2%.The offspring have different traits and flower colors,among which flowers with clear or fuzzy red stripes and clear dark red stripes have high ornamental value.The flower characteristics of the F1 hybrid were obtained from the height and thickness of the stem,the number of blooming flowers per seed ball,the duration of flowering,flower color and petal shape analysis,which inherited the white color of the male Rona and blunt petals,and had strong plant growth and high ornamental characteristics.

关 键 词：朱顶红 人工杂交授粉 栽培 施肥 花型特性 

分 类 号：S682[农业科学—观赏园艺]