河北省十年间乡村医生培训比较及对策完善  

Comparison and Countermea ures Improvement of Rural Doctor Training in Hebei Province in the past Ten Years

作　　者：许云清 吕萍[2] 杨紫微 牛玉杰[4] 唐龙妹[4,5] Xu Yunqing(Hebei Medical University,Shijiazhuang,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]河北医科大学乡村医师学院,河北石家庄050017 [2]河北医科大学医学与健康研究院 [3]河北省政务服务中心改革促进部 [4]河北医科大学公共卫生学院 [5]河北省环境与人群健康重点实验室

出　　处：《中国卫生事业管理》2023年第10期780-785,共6页Chinese Health Service Management

基　　金：河北省社会科学基金项目“乡村振兴背景下河北省乡村医生角色定位与能力提升研究”(HB21RK006);教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目“新时代乡村医生职业岗位胜任力提升研究”(21YJA880081)。

摘　　要：目的:了解河北省推进乡村卫生服务一体化管理以来乡村医生自身素质及培训的动态变化,为乡村振兴战略下提升乡村医生服务能力提供科学依据及对策建议。方法:利用2011年、2017年和2020年三次调查数据,采用卡方检验比较十年间乡村医生基本情况、培训情况和培训需求。结果:共有4787名乡村医生纳入分析。2020年较之前年份乡村医生的性别比例更加均衡,高年资和高学历者比例升高(P<0.001),选择远程视频学习比例提高(60.0%vs.22.8%vs.25.3%,P<0.001),选择省市级医院资源作为培训师资(74.9%vs.49.1%vs.44.6%)的比例均上升明显(P<0.001)。2020年和2017年操作和用药方面需求比例较2011年提高(P<0.001)。受新冠疫情影响,乡村医生对传染病防治和应急处理的需求较之前年份增加(P<0.001)。结论:河北省乡村医生队伍结构逐步改善,但仍存在年龄结构老化、人员匮乏,岗位胜任力薄弱等发展瓶颈与短板,且部分地区在岗培训未达到国家要求。需有关部门结合实际需求,在完善制度安排、政策规定、具体举措方面共同发力,积极探索并构建适宜的可持续发展培训体系,进一步提高乡村医生队伍整体素质。Objective To understand the dynamic changes of quality and training of rural doctors since the promotion of integrated management of rural health services in Hebei Province,and provide a scientific basis and recommendations for improving the service capabilities of rural doctors under the strategy of rural revitalization.Methods The basic information,training situation and training need of rural doctors were comparatively studied by using chi-square test based on survey data in 2011,2017 and 2020.Results A total of 4787 rural doctors participated in the investigation.In 2020,the gender ratio was more balanced,the proportion of seniority and higher education increased(P0.001).The proportion of choosing remote video learning in 2020 was higher than that in 2011(60.0%vs.25.3%,P0.001).The proportion of choosing provincial and municipal hospital resources as trainers(74.9%,49.1%vs.44.6%)increased significantly(P0.001).The demand for operation and medication increased in 2020 and 2017 than that of 2011(P0.001).Conclusion The structure of rural doctors in Hebei Province was gradually improved,but there were still bottlenecks such as aging,lack of successors and weak job competence,and the on-the-job training did not fully meet the national requirements in some regions.It is suggested for the relevant departments to work together to improve institutional arrangements,policy regulations and specific measures based on actual needs,actively explore and build a suitable sustainable development training system,and further improve the overall quality of rural doctor teams.

关 键 词：乡村医生 培训情况 培训需求 改进对策 

分 类 号：R197.1[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]