间质性肺疾病与慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者疾病感知状况的研究  

Status of disease perception in patients with interstitial pulmonary disease and COPD

作　　者：李杰红[1] 姜丁源[1] 林芳[1] 黄可[1] 刘宇[2] 赵帆 LI Jiehong;JIANG Dingyuan;LIN Fang;HUANG Ke;LIU Yu;ZHAO Fan(Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine,China-Japan Friendship Hospital,Beijing 100029,China)

机构地区：[1]中日友好医院呼吸与危重症医学科,北京100029 [2]北京中医药大学护理学系,北京100029

出　　处：《中华全科医学》2023年第10期1689-1692,共4页Chinese Journal of General Practice

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(82170080);中国医学科学院课题(2021-I2M-1-049);中日友好医院护理部临床科研项目-重点课题(ZRHL-LCZD-22-01)。

摘　　要：目的 调查间质性肺疾病与慢性阻塞性肺疾病(简称慢阻肺)患者的疾病认知现状,为临床护理提供参考和依据。方法 采用简单随机抽样方法选择2021年8月—2022年10月中日友好医院呼吸与危重症医学科病房收治的慢阻肺患者83例,间质性肺疾病患者85例,使用疾病感知问卷(IPQ-R)对患者进行调查。结果 在“症状识别”中,间质性肺疾病与慢阻肺患者得分为(5.86±0.83)分、(5.87±0.85)分(t=0.066,P=0.947);在“病因感知”中,2组患者得分为(52.88±0.98)分、(52.80±1.09)分(t=0.545,P=0.587),差异均无统计学意义。在“对疾病和自身认知评价”中,与慢阻肺相比,间质性肺疾病患者认为自己的“病程”更长[(18.91±0.85)分vs.(18.18±1.70)分,t=3.485,P=0.001]。在“周期性复发”“疾病预后”“个人控制信心”方面,间质性肺疾病患者得分低于慢阻肺患者[(14.11±1.39)分vs.(15.19±1.36)分,t=5.130;(20.34±0.93)分vs.(20.69±0.46)分,t=3.142;(16.12±1.15)分vs.(16.49±0.67)分,t=2.566,均P<0.05]。结论 间质性肺疾病患者对疾病复发、预后方面的疾病认知水平要低于慢阻肺患者,医护人员要根据患者疾病感知的水平与特点,有针对性地实施临床护理干预。Objective To investigate the status quo of disease cognition in patients with interstitial lung disease and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD),and to provide reference and basis for clinical nursing.Methods A questionnaire survey was used to randomly select 83 patients with COPD and 85 patients with interstitial lung disease from the Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine of China-Japan Friendship Hospital from August 2021 to October 2022.The patients were investigated by disease perception questionnaire(IPQ-R).Results In the dimension of"symptom recognition",the scores of patients with interstitial lung disease and COPD were(5.86±0.83)points,(5.87±0.85)points,t=0.066,P=0.947.In the dimension of"etiological perception",the scores of the two groups were(52.88±0.98)points,(52.80±1.09)points,t=0.545,P=0.587.Compared with COPD,patients with interstitial lung disease perceived their"disease course"to be longer[(18.91±0.85)points vs.(18.18±1.70)points,t=3.485,P=0.001].In terms of"cyclical recurrence""disease prognosis""personal control confidence",patients with interstitial lung disease scored lower than those with COPD[(14.11±1.39)points vs.(15.19±1.36)points,t=5.130;(20.34±0.93)points vs.(20.69±0.46)points,t=3.142;(16.12±1.15)points vs.(16.49±0.67)points,t=2.566,all P<0.05].Conclusion Patients with interstitial pulmonary disease have a lower cognition level of disease recurrence and prognosis than patients with COPD.Medical staff should implement targeted clinical nursing interventions according to the level and characteristics of patients'disease perception.

关 键 词：间质性肺疾病 慢性阻塞性肺疾病 疾病感知 

分 类 号：R563[医药卫生—呼吸系统]