水热技术在污泥无害化处理中的应用及展望  

OVERVIEW AND PROSPECT ON APPLICATION OF HYDROTHERMAL TREATMENT ON SEWAGE SLUDGE HARMLESSNESS

作　　者：陈仁杰 董滨[1,2] 戴晓虎 CHEN Renjie;DONG Bin;DAI Xiaohu(College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Tongji University,Shanghai 200092,China;China Three Gorges Corporation,Beijing 100038,China)

机构地区：[1]同济大学环境科学与工程学院,上海200092 [2]中国三峡集团有限公司,北京100038

出　　处：《环境工程》2023年第9期201-209,共9页Environmental Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2020YFC1908702,2021YFC3200704);中国三峡集团有限公司项目(202003080)。

摘　　要：水热技术(HT)作为一种环境友好型技术,在强化污泥脱水、回收污泥能源和营养物质方面被广泛应用,并已得到了系统总结。然而,目前仍缺乏水热技术在污泥无害化处理领域应用研究的系统梳理。首先,总结了水热处理对污泥中重金属固液相迁移及化学形态转化规律的影响,即水热处理显著降低了污泥固相产物中重金属的生物可利用性和浸出风险,而增加了液相产物和生物油中的重金属含量和生态风险。其次,总结了水热处理对致病菌与有毒有害有机污染物去除效果和降解机制,即水热处理可以有效去除污泥中抗生素及抗性基因、持久性有机污染物(POPs)、致病菌以及微塑料,但其中多氯联苯(PCBs)、多氟烷烃(PFAS)与微塑料(PE和PVC)的水热降解产物的生物毒性提高。最后,针对目前研究现状提出未来的研究方向,包括识别水热过程污泥中有机/无机组分对污染物迁移转化的影响机制,对有毒有害污染物水热降解中间/最终产物进行生态风险评价。Hydrothermal treatment(HT)has been recognized as an environmental-friendly technology,which has been systematically summarized in terms of improving dewaterability,and recovering bio-energy and nutrients from sewage sludge.There is still a lack of systematic overview on the application of HT on sewage sludge harmlessness.Firstly,this paper summarized the effect of HT on the solid-liquid phase migration and chemical speciation transformation of heavy metals.That was,the HT significantly reduced the bioavailability and leachability of heavy metals in the solid phase,while the content and ecological risk of heavy metals in the liquid phase and bio-oil get increased.Secondly,the research progress of HT on the removal efficiency and degradation mechanism of pathogenic bacteria and toxic organic pollutants were summarized.That was,the HT could effectively remove antibiotics and resistance genes,persistent organic pollutants,pathogenic bacteria,and microplastics.However,among them,the biotoxicity of the degradation products of polychlorinated biphenyls(PCBs),polyfluoroalkyl substances(PFAS),and hydrothermal degradation products of microplastics(PE and PVC)were increased.Finally,in view of the current status of research,future research directions were proposed,including identifying the influence mechanism of organic/inorganic components in sludge on the transformation of toxic and harmful pollutants during HT,and evaluating the ecological risk of intermediate/final products of different toxic organic pollutants after HT.

关 键 词：水热技术 污水厂污泥 有毒有害污染物 迁移转化 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]