2017—2019年峰峰矿区PM_(2.5)中重金属来源解析及生态风险评价  

SOURCE APPORTIONMENT AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT OF HEAVY METALS IN PM_(2.5)IN THE FENGFENG MINING AREA IN 2017—2019

作　　者：张逸冰 梁轶群 张远 房银祥 牛红亚 樊景森[1,2] ZHANG Yibing;LIANG Yiqun;ZHANG Yuan;FANG Yinxiang;NIU Hongya;FAN Jingsen(School of Earth Science and Engineering,Hebei Engineering University,Handan 056038,China;Hebei Coal Resources Development and Utilization Collaborative Innovation Center,Hebei Engineering University,Handan 056038,China)

机构地区：[1]河北工程大学地球科学与工程学院,河北邯郸056038 [2]河北工程大学河北省煤炭资源开发与利用协同创新中心,河北邯郸056038

出　　处：《环境工程》2023年第8期242-250,共9页Environmental Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41807305);河北省重点研发计划项目(19273705D);河北省自然科学基金(D2021402004)。

摘　　要：为了解峰峰矿区PM_(2.5)中重金属的污染来源和生态风险,于2017—2019年采集PM_(2.5)样品,使用电感耦合等离子质谱仪(ICP-MS)测定其中重金属元素(Zn、Pb、Mn、Cr、Cu、As、Sb、Ni、Cd、Co)的浓度,通过富集因子、主成分分析、地累积指数和潜在生态风险指数来探究重金属元素的来源和生态风险。结果表明:采样期间峰峰矿区PM_(2.5)日均浓度为GB 3095—2012《环境空气质量标准》二级标准日均浓度限值的1.66倍左右,呈冬春季高于夏秋季的规律。元素浓度与PM_(2.5)浓度变化规律基本一致,且呈逐年降低趋势,PM_(2.5)中重金属总平均浓度顺序为Zn>Pb>Mn>Cr>Cu>As>Sb>Ni>Cd>Co,其中Zn、Pb、Mn、Cr、Cu元素浓度之和占总元素浓度的92.7%,As和Cr超标严重。富集因子结果表明:Cr、Cu和As呈重度富集,Zn、Pb、Sb和Cd呈极重富集,主要来自人为活动。主成分分析表明:重金属的来源有燃煤源、交通源、工业源、自然源及农业源。地累积指数表明:Cr、Cu和As为偏重度污染,受人为污染影响较大;Zn、Pb、Sb和Cd达到严重污染以上,主要受人类活动影响。峰峰矿区重金属的综合潜在生态风险等级极强,单因子污染物中,Sb和Cd潜在风险等级为极强。但2019年较前2年,PM_(2.5)和大部分元素的污染程度和潜在生态风险指数均有所降低。In order to understand the pollution sources and ecological risks of heavy metals in PM_(2.5)in the Fengfeng mining area,PM_(2.5)samples were collected from 2017 to 2019,and the concentrations of heavy metals(Zn,Pb,Mn,Cr,Cu,As,Sb,Ni,Cd and Co)in the PM_(2.5)samples were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer(ICP-MS).The sources and ecological risks of heavy metals were investigated by enrichment factor,principal component analysis,geoaccumulation index and potential ecological risk index.The results showed that the average daily concentration of PM_(2.5)in the Fengfeng mining area during the sampling period was about 1.66 times the limit value in the Environmental Air Quality Standard(GB 3095—2012),showing a seasonal rule that winter and spring were higher than summer and autumn.The variation rule of element concentration was basically consistent with that of PM_(2.5)concentration and the total element concentration decreased year by year.The total average concentration of heavy metals in PM_(2.5)was in an order of Zn>Pb>Mn>Cr>Cu>As>Sb>Ni>Cd>Co.The sum of Zn,Pb,Mn,Cr and Cu elements accounted for 92.7%of the total element concentration,and As and Cr exceeded the standard seriously.The results of enrichment factors showed that Cr,Cu and As were heavily enriched,and Zn,Pb,Sb and Cd were extremely heavily enriched,mainly coming from human activities.Principal component analysis showed that the sources of metals were coal sources,traffic sources,industrial sources,natural sources,and agricultural sources.The geoaccumulation index showed that Cr,Cu and As were heavy pollution,greatly affected by man-made pollution.While Zn,Pb,Sb and Cd reached serious pollution,they were mainly affected by human activities.The comprehensive potential ecological risk level of heavy metals in the Fengfeng mining area was extremely strong.Among the single factor pollutants,the potential risk levels of Sb and Cd were extremely strong.With the introduction of a series of air and environmental governance policies,the p

关 键 词：峰峰矿区 PM_(2.5) 重金属 源解析 生态风险 

分 类 号：X513[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X826