浙江省台州市2017-2022年媒介蚊虫生态学监测及病毒携带状况调查  

Ecological monitoring and virus carrying status of mosquitoes in Taizhou,Zhejiang Province,China,2017-2022

作　　者：赵怡双[1] 菅越 尤晓杰 王敏雅[2] 陈财荣 ZHAO Yi-shuang;JIAN Yue;YOU Xiao-jie;WANG Min-ya;CHEN Cai-rong(Department of Disinfection and Vector Control,Taizhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Taizhou,Zhejiang 318000,China;Luqiao Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Taizhou,Taizhou,Zhejiang 318050,China)

机构地区：[1]台州市疾病预防控制中心消毒与病媒生物防制科,浙江台州318000 [2]台州市路桥区疾病预防控制中心,浙江台州318050

出　　处：《中国媒介生物学及控制杂志》2023年第5期622-627,653,共7页Chinese Journal of Vector Biology and Control

摘　　要：目的了解浙江省台州市2017-2022年实施新版病媒生物监测方案以来蚊虫种类、密度、季节消长及病毒携带状况,为媒介蚊虫防制及蚊媒传染病的预测预警提供科学依据。方法在台州市9个县(市、区)设置监测点,每年4-11月分别采用诱蚊灯法和布雷图指数(BI)法开展成蚊和幼蚊生态学监测,2022年6-8月在路桥区采集成蚊并应用荧光定量PCR法检测登革病毒、流行性乙型脑炎病毒、西尼罗病毒、基孔肯亚病毒、黄热病毒和辛德毕斯病毒6种病毒。数据采用SPSS 20.0软件进行统计分析。结果2017-2022年,台州市共布放诱蚊灯4800台夜,捕获雌蚊109160只,平均蚊密度为22.74只/(灯·夜),其中三带喙库蚊76799只,占70.35%,其次为淡色/致倦库蚊20724只(18.98%)。6-9月为成蚊活动高峰期。不同生境平均蚊密度以牲畜棚(养殖场)最高,为92.91只/(灯·夜)。牲畜棚(养殖场)以三带喙库蚊为优势种,占83.08%,居民区等其他生境均以淡色/致倦库蚊为优势种(构成比均>60%),不同生境蚊种构成比差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=60286.496,P<0.001)。幼蚊监测共调查居民户94523户,平均BI值为16.94,4-11月平均BI值均>5。阳性积水以闲置容器(碗、瓶、缸、罐)为主,占54.88%,轮胎/废旧轮胎伊蚊孳生率最高为37.37%。共检测淡色/致倦库蚊雌蚊1050只,白纹伊蚊雌蚊1140只,病毒检测结果均为阴性。结论台州市居民区优势蚊种为淡色/致倦库蚊,牲畜棚(养殖场)蚊密度较高、优势蚊种为三带喙库蚊,4-11月均有登革热传播风险,需加强环境治理为主的综合性蚊虫防制措施,防止输入性或本地蚊媒传染病传播流行。Objective To investigate the species composition,density,seasonal variation,and virus-carrying status of mosquitoes in Taizhou,Zhejiang Province,China,since the implementation of the new vector surveillance program in 2017-2022,so as to provide a scientific basis for the control of mosquito vectors and the early warning of mosquito-borne diseases.Methods Surveillance sites were set up in 9 counties(cities and districts)of Taizhou,and the light trapping method and Breteau index(BI)method were used to perform ecological surveillance of adult and larval mosquitoes from April to November every year.From June to August in 2022,adult mosquitoes were collected in Luqiao District,and quantitative real-time PCR was used to detect six viruses including Dengue virus,Japanese encephalitis virus,West Nile virus,Chikungunya virus,Yellow fever virus,and Sindbisvirus.SPSS 20.0 software was used to perform a statistical analysis of surveillance data.Results In 2017-2022,a total of 4800 mosquito trap lamp·nights were deployed in Taizhou,and 109160 female mosquitoes were captured in total,with a mean mosquito density of 22.74 mosquitoes/lamp·night,among which there were 76799 Culex tritaeniorhynchus mosquitoes,accounting for 70.35%,followed by 20724 Cx.pipiens pallens/quinquefasciatus mosquitoes,accounting for 18.98%.June to September was the peak period of mosquito activity.In different habitats,livestock shed(livestock farm)had the highest mosquito density of 92.91 mosquitoes/lamp·night.Cx.tritaeniorhynchus was the dominant species in livestock shed(livestock farm),accounting for 83.08%,and Cx.pipiens pallens/quinquefasciatus was the dominant species in residential area and other habitats,with a composition ratio of>60%.There was a significant difference in the composition ratio of mosquito species between different habitats(χ^(2)=60286.496,P<0.001).A total of 94523 households were surveyed for mosquito larvae surveillance,with a mean BI of 16.94.All the monthly average BI from April to November were greater than 5.Positive s

关 键 词：蚊密度 种群构成 病毒携带 监测 

分 类 号：R384.1[医药卫生—医学寄生虫学] R373.3[医药卫生—基础医学]