人工膝关节不同体外磨损周期的UHMWPE磨屑特征及细胞毒性研究  

Characterization and Cytotoxicity of UHMWPE Wear Debris from Different Wear Simulating Cycles of the Artificial Knee Joint in Vitro

作　　者：付松卿 王松[2] 陈凯[3] 张述 秦颖 彭业萍 刘伟强[1,2] FU Songqing;WANG Song;CHEN Kai;ZHANG Shu;QIN Ying;PENG Yeping;LIU Weiqiang(Department of Mechanical Engineering,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China;Biomechanics and Biotechnology Lab,Research Institute of Tsinghua University in Shenzhen,Guangdong Shenzhen 518057,China;School of Materials and Physics,China University of Mining and Technology,Jiangsu Xuzhou 221116,China;Tianjin Medical Devices Quality Supervision and Inspection Center,Tianjin 300384,China;School of Biology Engineering,Tianjin University of Science and Technology,Tianjin 300457,China;Guangdong Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Control and Intelligent Robots,College of Mechatronics and Control Engineering,Shenzhen University,Guangdong Shenzhen 518060,China)

机构地区：[1]清华大学机械工程系,北京100084 [2]深圳清华大学研究院生物医用材料及植入器械实验室,广东深圳518057 [3]中国矿业大学材料与物理学院,江苏徐州221116 [4]天津医疗器械质量监督检验中心,天津300384 [5]天津科技大学生物工程学院,天津300457 [6]深圳大学机电与控制工程学院广东省电磁控制与智能机器人重点实验室,广东深圳518060

出　　处：《摩擦学学报》2023年第9期986-994,共9页Tribology

基　　金：广东省自然科学基金(2020B1515120082);深圳市自然科学基金(JCYJ20190807144001746,JSGG20191129114422849)资助。

摘　　要：磨屑引起的假体无菌性松动已成为影响人工关节寿命的主要因素.基于UHMWPE(超高分子量聚乙烯)胫骨衬垫与CoCrMo合金股骨髁配副人工膝关节,按照ISO 14243标准完成了500万次体外磨损试验,获得了每间隔100万次磨损周期的磨损润滑液,利用酸处理法分离UHMWPE磨屑,并基于扫描电子显微镜(SEM)照片开展了磨屑数量、形状和分布特征的定量表征.结果表明:在形状方面,颗粒状磨屑数量占比可达62%,其次为占比12%的球状磨屑,片状、纤维状和杆状等类型磨屑则较少.磨损过程中纳米级磨屑数量占比始终在30%以上,且随着磨损周期增加,纳米级磨屑占比逐渐增加,最高可达80%以上,但总的磨屑数量呈先增多后减少趋势.此外,探究了不同尺寸和浓度的UHMWPE磨屑对小鼠成纤维细胞毒性的影响,结果表明:纳米级磨屑细胞毒性最强,随着磨屑尺寸从5μm增至25μm,细胞毒性逐渐减小.在UHMWPE磨屑浓度为0.1~2.5 mg/mL的范围内,细胞毒性基本遵循磨屑浓度越大毒性越强的规律.因此,人工膝关节不同体外磨损周期的UHMWPE磨屑具有不同数量、尺寸、形状和分布等特征,且磨屑尺寸和磨屑浓度等特性对细胞毒性有较大的影响.The aseptic loosening of prosthesis caused by wear debris has became the main factor affecting the life of artificial joint.The in vitro wear experiments of artificial knee joint were completed under 5 million wear cycles with CoCrMo-UHMWPE pair according to ISO 14243.The lubricants with wear debris were obtained by every 1 million wear cycles.Then,the UHMWPE wear debris was separated by acid treatment,and its quantity,size,shape and distribution characteristics were quantitatively characterized based on SEM micrographs.The results showed that in terms of shape,the proportion of granular debris could reach 62%,followed by the spherical debris which accounted for 12%,and the flakes,fibrillar,rods and other types of debris were less.In the process of wear experiments,the proportion of nanoscale debris was always above 30%,and with the increase of wear cycles,this proportion also gradually increased,up to above 80%.However,the total amount of wear debris increased first and then decreased.In addition,the cytotoxicity of different sizes and concentrations of UHMWPE debris on mouse fibroblasts was investigated.The results showed that the cytotoxicity of nano-scale debris was the strongest,and the cytotoxicity decreased with the size of debris increased from 5μm to 25μm.In the concentration range of 0.1~2.5 mg/mL,the greater the concentration of abrasive debris,the stronger the cytotoxicity was.Therefore,UHMWPE wear debris of artificial knee joints showed different characteristics in quantity,size,shape and their distributions with different in vitro wear cycles.The characteristics such as size and concentration of wear debris had important influence on cytotoxicity.

关 键 词：人工膝关节 体外磨损 磨屑特征 细胞毒性 生物摩擦学 

分 类 号：TH117.2[机械工程—机械设计及理论]