青海西宁蚂蚁沟水库沉积物的重金属分布与生态风险评价研究  

Distribution and Ecological Risk of Heavy Metals in Sediments of the Mayigou Reservoir in Xining City,Qinghai Province

作　　者：秦占杰[1,2,3] 马宝财 贾圣杰 何海芳 李庆宽 袁秦 QIN Zhan-jie;MA Bao-cai;JIA Sheng-jie;HE Hai-fang;LI Qing-kuan;YUAN Qin(Key Laboratory of Comprehensive and Highly Efficient Utilization of Salt Lake Resources,Qinghai Institute of Salt Lakes,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Xining,810008,China;Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Geology and Environment of Salt Lakes,Xining,810008,China;Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Physical Geography and Environmental Processes,Qinghai Narmal University,Xining,810008,China;Qinghai Salt Lake Industry Co.,Ltd.,Golmud,816000,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing,100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院青海盐湖研究所,中国科学院盐湖资源综合高效利用重点实验室,青海西宁810008 [2]青海省盐湖地质与环境重点实验室,青海西宁810008 [3]青海师范大学,青海省自然地理与环境过程重点实验室,青海西宁810008 [4]青海盐湖工业股份有限公司,青海格尔木816000 [5]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《盐湖研究》2023年第4期53-67,共15页Journal of Salt Lake Research

基　　金：Under the auspices of the Open Foundation of Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Physical Geography and Environmental Processes(Grant#2018-QZH-K08);Thousand Talents Plan of Qinghai Province(Grant to Zhanjie Qin);the Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research Program(NO.2019QZKK0805)。

摘　　要：水库对保障人们的生产生活发挥着重要的作用。目前对青藏高原上水库沉积物中重金属的研究仍比较缺乏。位于青藏高原最大城市的蚂蚁沟水库(MR)是研究人类活动对水库环境影响的一个典型案例。文章研究了重金属(As、Cd、Co、Cr、Cu、Mo、Ni、Pb、Sb和Zn)在水库沉积物和表土中的分布、污染程度和生态风险。所有重金属的平均浓度都超过了其相应的背景值。Igeo(地积累指数)和EF(富集系数)表明,在22%的采样点中,Cd表现出中等程度的富集。mCd(修正后的污染程度)表明,90%的采样点为中度污染水平。RI(潜在生态风险指数)显示,近一半的采样点表现出中度的生态风险。Cd的来源与MR周围的城市地区和工业区的人类活动有一定联系。我们的研究结果表明,MR沉积物的重金属污染并不严重,但MR周围的人类活动应该在未来得到更多的关注。该研究结果将为青藏高原上水库的生态环境保护提供一定参考价值。The reservoir is a vital safeguard for living and production in the world.Research on heavy metals in sediments of reservoirs on the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau(QTP)is very scarce.The Mayigou Reservoir(MR),located in the largest city of the QTP,is a great case for studying impact caused by human activities on environment of the reservoir.Here the distribution,pollution level,and ecological risk of heavy metals(As,Cd,Co,Cr,Cu,Mo,Ni,Pb,Sb,and Zn)in sediments and topsoils of the MR were studied.The average concentrations of all heavy metals exceeded their corresponding background values.The Igeo(geoaccumulation index)and EF(enrichment factor)values indicated that Cd exhibited moderately severe enrichment in 22%of sampling sites.The mCd(modified degree of contamination)values demonstrated that 90%of sampling sites were moderate pollution level.The RI(potential ecological risk index)values showed that nearly half of sampling sites exhibited moderate ecological risk.The sources of Cd was certainly correlated with anthropogenic activities in urban area and industrial zone around the MR.These results indicated that pollution of the MR is not serious,yet human activities around the MR should be given more attentions in the future.The results of the study will provide some reference for ecological protection of reservoirs on the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau.

关 键 词：重金属 生态风险 沉积物 水库 青藏高原 

分 类 号：X524[环境科学与工程—环境工程]