长江中下游堤防工程险情特点及成因研究  

Study on the characteristics and causes of danger of dike engineering in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River

作　　者：李坤 司富安 张小宝 赵鑫 罗飞 Li Kun;Si Fu’an;Zhang Xiaobao;Zhao Xin;Luo Fei

机构地区：[1]水利部水利水电规划设计总院,北京100120 [2]长江设计集团有限公司,武汉430010

出　　处：《中国水利》2023年第20期26-30,共5页China Water Resources

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助(2017YFC1502601);江河水利水电咨询中心有限公司项目(咨2022YF04)。

摘　　要：长江中下游平原洪涝灾害频繁,洪水期间险情频发。总结了长江中下游堤防工程险情类型及特征。出险部位以堤身和堤基为主,岸坡险情和穿堤建筑物险情相对较少;险情破坏类型主要为堤身和堤基渗透破坏;条崩是岸坡险情的主要表现形式;穿堤建筑物与堤身、堤基接触部位易发生渗透破坏。分析认为,长江中下游堤防建设历史较早,堤基和堤身发生渗透破坏的主要原因有堤身断面不达标、堤身质量差、堤内存在坑塘或生物洞穴等;堤身和岸坡发生变形失稳的主要原因有土体抗冲刷能力差、迎流顶冲、风浪大、存在软弱结构面等;穿堤建筑物出险的主要原因有建筑物运行时间长、与砂性土直接接触、长时间高水位运行以及基础承载力差等。In the middle and lower Yangtze River Plain,flood disasters were frequent,and the constructions were all in danger.Types and characteristics of levee dangerous situation are summarized.Most of dangerous are occurred in the embankment and subsoil of a levee,while the dangerous situation of the levee revetment and the building were relatively less.Dangerous damage types are mainly the seepage damage of the embankment and the subsoil,and strip collapse is the most common dangerous situation of levee bank.Dangerous situations often occur at the contact parts of buildings and levee.The main reasons for the seepage damage of the embankment and the subsoil are that the section of the embankment body is not up to standard,the quality of the embankment is poor,there are pits,ponds and biological caves in the embankment and subsoil et al.Poor anti scour ability of soil,top scour against current,strong wind and waves and the existence of weak structural plane are important factors for deformation and instability of embankment and bank.These buildings have been used for too long and contact with sandy soil,poor foundation bearing capacity are the main reasons for the danger of buildings passing across levees.

关 键 词：长江中下游 堤防 险情 特点 成因 

分 类 号：TV68[水利工程—水利水电工程] P442[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]