照料劳动的价值评估与定价:对家政工涨工资的实证研究  

Care Labor s Value Evaluation and Pricing:An Empirical Research on Domestic Workers Wage Increase

作　　者：邢朝国[1] 周群英 XING Chaoguo;ZHOU Qunying

机构地区：[1]北京科技大学文法学院 [2]北京师范大学社会学院

出　　处：《中国农业大学学报（社会科学版）》2023年第5期165-188,共24页Journal of China Agricultural University;Social Sciences

基　　金：国家社科基金一般项目“进城农民工增收致富的实践策略与主体性经验研究”(22BSH034)。

摘　　要：以家政工涨工资为切入点,讨论雇佣双方如何对照料劳动的价值进行评估和定价。研究发现,中介公司和雇佣双方的社交网络是家政工涨工资的重要装置,前者为涨工资提供了市场惯例,后者将抽象的、概念化的市场转变成经验的、可感知的市场,为雇佣双方评估照料劳动的量和质提供了地方化市场信息和参照对象。对照料劳动价值的评价形式包括照料劳动工作量、照料劳动技能和照料劳动态度。此外,照料劳动的价值评估和定价不仅嵌入雇佣关系结构中,而且会反过来影响雇佣关系建构。作为被雇佣一方,家政工虽然拥有强烈的劳动变现动机,但她们往往采用间接的、非正式化的方式表达涨工资诉求,避免涨工资这一经济行为对雇佣关系产生冲击。雇主涨工资决策也并不是简单地遵循照料劳动价值评估“值不值”逻辑,而是呈现出强烈的“心安”逻辑,即雇主通过涨工资经济行为来构建稳定、安全的照料劳动关系,达到“涨薪留好”“涨薪避坏”的目的。and conceptual market into an experienced and perceptible market,providing local market information and reference objects for evaluating the quantity and quality of care work.The evaluation forms of care labor value included care labor workload,care labor skills and care labor attitude.In addition,the value evaluation and pricing of care labor were not only embedded in the structure of employment relationships,but also in turn affected the construction of employment relationships.Although domestic workers had a strong motivation to monetize their labor force,as the employed party,they had often used indirect and informal ways to express their demands for the wage increase and reducing the negative impact on the employment relationship.The employer s decision on wage increase did not simply follow the“value”logic of care labor,but presented a strong“buying heart peace”logic,that was,“spending money to buy peace of mind”.Employers built a stable and safe labor relationship through the economic behavior of wage increases,and achieved the goals of“keeping good care labor”and“avoiding bad care labor”.

关 键 词：照料劳动 价值评估 价格社会学 涨工资 

分 类 号：F719.9[经济管理—产业经济] F249.24