基于双重对比分析的历史街区绿量生态效益  

Ecological Benefits of Green Quantity in Historic Areas Based on Dual Comparative Analysis

作　　者：胡长涓 宫聪 汪瑞军 Hu Changjuan;Gong Cong;Wang Ruijun(School of Architecture and Urban Planning,Chongqing University,Chongqing 400030,China;Key Laboratory of New Technology for Construction of Cities in Mountain Area,Chongqing University,Chongqing 400030,China;College of Architecture and Art,Hefei University of Technology,Hefei 230601,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆大学建筑城规学院,400030 [2]重庆大学山地城镇建设与新技术教育部重点实验室,400030 [3]合肥工业大学建筑与艺术学院,230601

出　　处：《中国城市林业》2023年第5期103-113,共11页Journal of Chinese Urban Forestry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年基金(52308008),(51908078);中国博士后基金(2023M730408);中央高校基金(2023CDJXY-008);国家重点研发计划(2022YFE0208700)。

摘　　要：对比生态街区,顺应自然演变而来的历史街区的绿地率远达不到当今的规划标准,二维绿量评价标准也不能完全反映历史街区的生态效益。为此,从历史街区二维绿量标准适宜性分析出发,通过三维倾斜摄影和实地调研采集植物物种和空间信息,以生态标准规划建设的生态街区为对照样本,利用模拟方程测算2块试验样地绿容率数据,对比分析历史街区是否绝对不生态。结果表明,历史街区在单位绿地面积上比生态街区可创造更多的生态效益,更具有绿量优势:1)历史街区乔木在群落配置上更具多样性特征;2)历史街区乔木总叶面积占比更大;3)历史街区给予乔木的时空效益更多;4)历史街区拥有更丰富的立体绿化。在此基础上,提出利于文化生态、社会生态、自然生态、经济生态的历史街区绿量优化策略,旨在为国内历史街区保护的理论与实践提供借鉴意义。Compared with ecological areas,historic areas have lower green space ratio(GSR),which is far lower than the planned standard.The 2D green quantity evaluation standard can not fully reflect the ecological benefits of historic areas.Based on the suitability analysis of 2D green quantity standard in historic areas,the study collects plant species and spatial information using 3D tilt photography and field investigation,uses simulation equations to calculate the green capacity ratio(GCR) of two experimental plots with ecological areas planned and constructed in accordance with ecological standard as the control,and analyzes whether historic areas are absolutely not ecological.The results indicate that historic areas have more advantages in terms of green quantity,which can create more ecological benefits per unit green space than ecological areas,mainly manifested in:1) Large tall trees have more advantages in diversity for community configuration;2) The total leaf area of tall trees is larger;3) Historic areas can create more spatio-temporal benefits for tall trees;and 4) Historic areas boast more abundant vertical greening.At the end,the green space optimization strategy for historic areas,which is conducive to integrating cultural,social,natural and economic ecology,are proposed to provide references for the theoretic development and practices of historic area conservation in China.

关 键 词：历史街区 生态街区 二维绿量 三维绿量 生态效益 

分 类 号：TU984.114[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]