论人类胚胎的权利地位——对自然法生命伦理学的解析与反思  

On the Rights Status of Human Embryos:An Analysis and Reflection on the Bioethics of Natural Law

作　　者：朱振[1] Zhu Zhen(Research Centre of Theoretical Jurisprudence,Jilin University,Changchun 130012)

机构地区：[1]吉林大学理论法学研究中心,长春130012

出　　处：《浙江社会科学》2023年第11期48-58,156,157,共13页Zhejiang Social Sciences

基　　金：吉林大学“新文科”创新团队项目“生物技术应用人体的伦理与法律问题研究”(2021XWK05)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：当前人工辅助生殖、基因编辑等生物技术被不断应用于人体,新型纠纷开始出现。它们大都被诉诸法院解决,但法律鲜有明确规定。这就需要在理论上探究人“出生”之前的各种存在形态的伦理和法理地位,尝试为统一解决这些疑难案件提供一个理论前提。在这方面,自然法生命伦理学进行了可贵的理论探索,但也存在一些问题。其生命连续性命题可以为建立人类胚胎的规范性地位奠定坚实的基础,即使把胚胎是否是人这个具有争议性的问题搁置一旁,我们也依然可以赋予胚胎权利。这类权利具有被动性,因为它们是面向未来的。Currently,biological techniques such as artificial assisted reproduction and genome editing are constantly being applied to the human body,and new types of disputes are beginning to emerge.They have all been brought to court for resolution,however,there are no clear legal provisions for these cases.This requires exploring the ethical and legal status of various forms of existence before the birth of a person in a theoretical perspective,attempting to provide a theoretical premise for the unified resolution of these hard cases.In this regard,the bioethics of natural law has made valuable theoretical explorations,but there are also some problems.The continuity of life proposition can lay a solid foundation for establishing the normative status of human embryos.Even if the controversial issue of whether an embryo is a person is set aside,we can still grant rights to the embryo.These rights has passivity because they are oriented towards the future.

关 键 词：自然法生命伦理学 人性尊严 平等 权利 

分 类 号：D909.1[政治法律—法学理论]