基于高维量子系统的可认证匿名秘密共享协议  

Authenticated anonymous secret-sharing protocol based on a high-dimensional quantum system

作　　者：李国栋[1] 许奕晞 王庆乐 庄志豪 程文川 LI GuoDong;XU YiXi;WANG QingLe;ZHUANG ZhiHao;CHENG WenChuan(School of Control and Computer Engineering,North China Electric Power University,Beijing 102206,China;State Key Laboratory of Network and Switching Technology,Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications,Beijing 100876,China;Key Laboratory of Information Network Security of Ministry of Public Security,Third Research Institute of the Ministry of Public Security,Shanghai 200031,China)

机构地区：[1]华北电力大学控制与计算机工程学院,北京102206 [2]北京邮电大学网络与交换技术国家重点实验室,北京100876 [3]公安部第三研究所信息网络安全公安部重点实验室,上海200031

出　　处：《中国科学：物理学、力学、天文学》2023年第11期175-186,共12页Scientia Sinica Physica,Mechanica & Astronomica

基　　金：北京邮电大学网络与交换技术国家重点实验室开放项目(编号:SKLNST-2021-1-05);信息网络安全公安部重点实验室开放课题项目(编号:C21605)资助。

摘　　要：秘密共享协议通过将秘密分割存储,达到分散风险和容忍入侵的目的,能有效地防止外部敌手的攻击和内部参与者的背叛.然而,公开的接收者身份存在被攻击的风险.本文给出了量子匿名秘密共享的定义并提出一种基于d维量子系统的可认证匿名秘密共享协议以解决秘密共享协议中接收者身份的匿名问题.在该协议中,秘密分发者首先利用Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger态对所有的参与者进行身份认证,然后在指定的匿名接收者集合中构建匿名纠缠.最后利用构建的匿名纠缠为秘密共享任务提供消息保密性和接收者身份匿名性保护.正确性分析表明,匿名接收者可以正确获得秘密份额并合作恢复出秘密.在安全性方面,协议可以同时抵抗来自外部敌手和内部参与者的攻击.最后,匿名性分析表明,协议不会泄露任何有关接收者身份的信息.量子匿名秘密共享的提出为保护用户隐私和确保信息安全提供了新思路,也为未来量子网络中的通信协议提供了新的可能性.Secret-sharing protocols can prevent external adversaries from attacking and internal participants from betraying by dividing secret storage to spread risks and tolerate intrusions.However,the disclosure of receivers’identities may put them at risk of being attacked.This report presents the definition of quantum anonymous secret-sharing and proposes a quantum anonymous secret sharing protocol based on the d-dimensional quantum system to address the anonymity issue of the receivers’identities in secret-sharing protocols.In this protocol,the dealer first authenticates all participants using the Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger state and subsequently constructs anonymous entanglement among a specified set of anonymous receivers.It finally utilizes the constructed anonymous entanglement to provide message confidentiality and receiver identity anonymity protection for the secret-sharing task.The correctness analysis showed that anonymous receivers can correctly obtain secret shares and collaborate to recover the secret.Regarding security,the protocol can resist attacks from external adversaries and internal participants.Finally,the anonymity analysis demonstrated that the protocol does not disclose information about the receivers’identities.Thus,quantum anonymous secret sharing is proposed as a new approach for protecting user privacy and ensuring information security while offering new possibilities for communication protocols in future quantum networks.

关 键 词：量子密码 量子秘密共享 量子身份认证 匿名性 保密性 

分 类 号：O413[理学—理论物理] TN918.4[理学—物理]