基于毛细管电泳的多重PCR法在儿童急性呼吸道感染病原体诊断中的应用  

作　　者：闵晶 李云 陈冬婵 

机构地区：[1]浙江省湖州市妇幼保健院,313000

出　　处：《浙江临床医学》2023年第10期1524-1526,共3页Zhejiang Clinical Medical Journal

基　　金：浙江省湖州市科技计划-公益性应用研究项目(2020GY16)。

摘　　要：目的基于毛细管电泳的多重PCR法研究急性呼吸道感染儿童病原体构成及其流行特征。方法收集2021年12月至2022年10月本院儿科急性呼吸道感染儿童的鼻咽拭子标本,应用基于毛细管电泳的多重PCR方法对人呼吸道合胞病毒、腺病毒、甲型流感病毒、甲型流感病毒H1N1(2009)、甲型流感病毒H3N2、乙型流感病毒、副流感病毒、人鼻病毒、偏肺病毒、冠状病毒、博卡病毒、肺炎支原体、肺炎衣原体等多种病原体进行检测,并对其流行特征进行分析。结果患儿样本884例中病原体阳性为530例,占59.95%。检出阳性病原体595份,检出率67.31%(595/884)。RSV、HRV、HPIV等检出率排在前3位,分别占19.80%、10.63%、8.60%。单一病原体感染472例,≥2种病原体感染58例,占阳性患儿的10.94%(58/530),混合感染多合并HRV,占72.41%(42/58)。不同性别和年龄段儿童病原体检出率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。以冬季的病原体检出率最高(P<0.05)。冬季出现RSV感染高峰,而夏季则出现MP感染高峰(P<0.05)。上呼吸道感染检出病原体前3位的是HRV、InfB和HPIV,下呼吸道感染检出病原体前3位的是HRV、RSV和MP。下呼吸道感染儿童中RSV、HMPV、MP等病原体检出率显著高于上呼吸道感染儿童(P<0.05)。结论基于毛细管电泳的多重PCR方法具有同时检测多种呼吸道病原体的应用价值。儿童急性呼吸道感染病原体以RSV、HRV、HPIV等病毒为主,流行特征与性别、季节、感染部位相关。Objective To investigate the value of capillary electrophoresis based multiplex PCR in the detection of acute respiratory tract pathogens among children in Huzhou area.Methods Nasopharyngeal swabs were collected from children with acute respiratory tract infection from December 2021 to October 2022 in our hospital.The pathogens including human respiratory syncytial virus(RSV),adenovirus(ADV),influenza virus A(InfA),influenza virus H1N1(2009)(H1N1,2009),influenza virus A(H3N2),influenza virus B(InfB),parainfluenza virus(HPIV),human rhinovirus(HRV),human Metapneumovirus(HMPV),human coronavirus(HCoV),human bocavirus(BoCa),mycoplasma pneumoniae(MP)and chlamydia pneumoniae(CP)were detected by multiplex PCR based on capillary electrophoresis,and the distribution characteristics of pathogens were analyzed.Results The pathogen detection rate was 59.95%(530/884).595 positive pathogens were detected,and the detection rate was 67.31%(595/884).The detection rates of RSV,HRV and HPIV were the top three,accounting for 19.80%,10.63%and 8.60%,respectively.There were 472 cases of single pathogen infection,58 cases of two or more pathogens infection,accounting for 10.94%(58/530)of the positive children,and 72.41%(42/58)of the mixed pathogen infections were combined with HRV.There was no significant difference in the detection rate of respiratory pathogens in different gender,age groups(P>0.05).The pathogen detection rate in winter was the highest(P<0.05).The peak of RSV infection occurred in winter,and MP infection peak was in summer(P<0.05).The top 3 pathogens in upper respiratory tract infection were HRV,InfB and HPIV.The top 3 pathogens in lower respiratory tract infection were HRV,RSV and MP.The detection rates of pathogens such as RSV,HMPV and MP in children with lower respiratory tract infection were significantly higher than those in children with upper respiratory tract infection(P<0.05).Conclusion Capillary electrophoresis based multiplex PCR method could simultaneously detect multiple respiratory pathogens.The main patho

关 键 词：病原体 儿童 多重PCR 毛细管电泳 

分 类 号：R725.6[医药卫生—儿科]