基于玻尔兹曼图法的超燃冲压发动机温度测量方法研究  

Temperature⁃Measurement Method Based on Boltzmann Diagram for Scramjet Engine

作　　者：黄安 赵延辉 杨顺华[3] 夏晖晖 邓昊 阮俊 胡佳屹 艾苏曼 许振宇 阚瑞峰[1] Huang An;Zhao Yanhui;Yang Shunhua;Xia Huihui;Deng Hao;Ruan Jun;Hu Jiayi;Ai Suman;Xu Zhenyu;Kan Ruifeng(Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics,Hefei Institutes of Physical Science,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Hefei 230031,Anhui,China;Science Island Branch,Graduate School of University of Science and Technology of China,Hefei 230026,Anhui,China;Hypervelocity Aerodynamics Institute,China Aerodynamics Research and Development Center,Mianyang 621000,Sichuan,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院安徽光学精密机械研究所,安徽合肥230031 [2]中国科学技术大学研究生院科学岛分院,安徽合肥230026 [3]中国空气动力研究与发展中心超高速空气动力研究所,四川绵阳621000

出　　处：《中国激光》2023年第19期217-226,共10页Chinese Journal of Lasers

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2020YFA0405703,2019YFB2006003);国家自然科学基金(618052986);安徽省自然科学基金(2008085QF317)。

摘　　要：为提高超燃冲压发动机扩张段温度测量精度和测量结果的稳定性,笔者基于可调谐半导体吸收光谱技术(TDLAS),选取5个低态能级不同且分布均匀的近红外H_(2)O吸收线,采用玻尔兹曼图法测温。采用集成的五波长测量系统,在实验室高温炉上设定1000~1600 K的温度台阶,选用不同波长数目组合计算分析,五波长的温度偏差均在1%之内,优于其他数目的波长组合。在发动机实验中,测量了超燃冲压发动机扩张段横截面16路线的平均温度,实现了发动机点火、燃烧和熄火宽温度范围的监测;对比了相同工况下的两次实验,结果显示,工况A和工况B下重复实验的平均偏差分别为17 K和7 K,重复性较好,体现该测量方法在发动机测量中的稳定性。该温度测量方法可广泛应用于发动机及工业过程的燃烧流场领域,为计算燃烧效率、改进燃烧过程提供数据支撑,具有重要的工程应用价值。Objective Tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy(TDLAS)is a powerful technology to measure the temperature of burners,such as industrial boilers,scramjet engines,gas turbines,and aero engines.Currently,in TDLAS-based thermometers,two-line thermometry is a common method for calculating the temperature of the target devices based on the monotone variation relation between the ratio of two selected absorption linestrengths and the corresponding temperature.However,the range and accuracy of temperature measurements strongly depend on the absorption linestrengths and the corresponding low-energy levels.Thus,improper selection of the two absorption lines may limit the temperature-measurement range and induce a significant measurement error.In addition,the error is influenced by the uncertainty of the line parameters.Recently,a multiline temperature-measurement method has been developed to improve the tolerance of the measurement error induced by the uncertainty of the line parameters,which can be achieved by scanning with an external cavity laser(ECL)with a wide wavelength region to cover several more absorption lines.However,using ECL may result in problems,such as the difficult baseline retrieval caused by the irregular variation of the emission intensity in the wavelength scanning region and the low temporal resolution limited by the response speed of the ECL internal mechanical motor.Methods Considering the above ECL limitations,a multiple distributed feedback(DFB)laser-based TDLAS system was developed to measure water vapor(H_(2)O)absorption lines near 1339,1343,1392,1393,and 1469 nm.The wavelengths of the lasers can be tuned to match the absorption region of interest by adjusting the lasers’temperatures and injection currents with homemade laser temperature and current controllers.Five time-division multiplexing ramp signals were generated using an FPGA-based function generator to control the injection currents of the laser.The laser beams were collimated and passed through the gas medium in tube furnaces

关 键 词：光谱学 可调谐半导体吸收光谱技术 玻尔兹曼图 温度测量 

分 类 号：O433.1[机械工程—光学工程]