不成立的行政行为何以不可诉  

Subject:Why Non-established Administrative Behavior NOT Suable

作　　者：柳砚涛[1] 陈希国 LIU Yantao;CHEN Xiguo(School of Law,Shandong University,Qingdao Shandong 266237,China)

机构地区：[1]山东大学法学院,山东青岛266237

出　　处：《法学论坛》2023年第6期74-83,共10页Legal Forum

摘　　要：不成立的行政行为不一定不可诉,法律拟制不成立、欠缺要式等背景下同样可以成就行政行为的可诉性。成立不是行政行为的可诉标准,也非可诉时点。阶段性行为的可诉性不以最终行为成立为前提,作为可诉标准之“权利义务实际影响”并非必须系于最终行为和以四要件齐备为前提。一个行政行为过程并非只有最终行为一次成立,成立也不系于四要件齐备背景下的法律效果要素,其他成立要件同样可以具有外部性、处理性和权利义务实际影响功能,并可以单独成就阶段性行为的可诉性。应以动态的“行政过程运行+权利义务实际影响”而非静态的“最终行为成立+权利义务实际影响”模式来析出可诉行政行为,如此才能拓展可诉行为范围和前移可诉时点。The non-established administrative behavior is not necessarily non-suable,whose suability may be satisfied under such contexts as non-establishment by laws,lack of essential elements and etc.The establishment alone is not the criteria for suability of administrative behavior or the timing of suability.The suability of periodical administrative behavior is not subject to the estab-lishment of final administrative behavior,and the Actual Impact of Rights and Obligations,the criteria of suability,is neither based on final administrative behavior nor subject to the completion of four elements.The process of administrative behavior is neither established once through final administrative behavior,nor based on the legal impact factor under the context of integration of four elements,other essential elements to the establishment are also functioned with externalities,treatability and the Actual Impact of Rights and Obligations,and may alone meet the suability criteria of periodical administrative behavior.The suability of administrative behavior shall be defined on a dynamic combination of the Administrative Procedure Operation and the Actual Impact of Rights and Obligations instead of the static combination of the Establishment of Final Administrative Behavior and the Actual Im-pact of Rights and Obligations,in this way,the scope of suable administrative behavior may be expanded,and the Timing of Sua-bility may be advanced.

关 键 词：行政行为成立 可诉性 可诉时点 权利义务实际影响 成立要件 

分 类 号：D912.1[政治法律—宪法学与行政法学]