原子探针层析技术及其在矿床研究中的应用  

Atom Probe Tomography(APT)and Its Application in Ore Deposits

作　　者：陶鹏 谢士稳[2] 龙涛[2] 马铭株[2] 车晓超 TAO Peng;XIE Shiwen;LONG Tao;MA Mingzhu;CHE Xiaochao(China University of Geosciences(Beijing),Beijing 100083,China;Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing 100037,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学(北京),北京100083 [2]中国地质科学院地质研究所,北京100037

出　　处：《岩矿测试》2023年第5期957-969,共13页Rock and Mineral Analysis

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFC2903003)课题“战略性矿产微区原位分析技术及应用”;中国地质科学院基本科研业务费专项项目(JKYQN202312)。

摘　　要：原子探针层析技术(APT)是一种能够以亚纳米分辨率提供定量的三维元素和同位素分析的测试分析技术,具有极高的空间分辨率和低的检出限。虽然原子探针主要用于材料科学和半导体领域,但随着近年来在矿床研究中应用的不断增加,正逐渐成为矿床研究的有用手段。与传统的地质分析技术相比,原子探针具有独特的技术优势,可以测量体积<0.0007μm3的矿物的元素组成,能够在纳米尺度上揭示矿物成分的复杂性,为理解地质演化过程提供全新的认识。本文在简述原子探针层析技术的基本原理、样品的选择和处理以及针尖样品制备的基础上,重点从成矿元素赋存状态、纳米尺度包裹体和稳定同位素组成三个方面阐述了原子探针在矿床研究中的代表性应用成果。迄今为止,原子探针在矿床学中的应用主要集中在成矿元素赋存状态的分析上,尤其是与金矿相关的黄铁矿或其他化学组成相对简单的矿物。而在纳米尺度包裹体和稳定同位素组成方面,原子探针应用成果虽不如前者丰富,但也取得了一些重要的全新认识,表现出良好的应用前景。原子探针在矿床学领域迅速发展的同时,也存在一些亟需解决的问题,如复杂质谱峰的标定、三维重建失真等。尽管如此,相信随着技术的不断进步,原子探针将逐渐成为矿床研究的重要工具。Atom Probe Tomography(APT)is a test analysis technique that provides quantitative three-dimensional element and isotope analysis at subnanometer resolution,with extremely high spatial resolution and low detection limits[13].Compared with traditional geological analysis techniques,APT has unique technical advantages,which can be used to analyze the elemental composition of minerals<0.0007μm3 in volume[14],reveal the complexity of mineral composition at the nanoscale,and provide a new understanding of the geological evolution process.APT has been in development for over 50 years,and continuous technological advancements have led to its wider application range.At the beginning of APT design,it was only used for conductive materials.From the end of the 20th century to the beginning of the 21st century,the application of laser pulse mode enabled APT to be applied to semiconductors and insulating materials[15-19],and the application of Local Electrode TM Atom Probe(LEAP)improved several key parameters such as the data acquisition rate and mass resolution of APT by several orders of magnitude[20].At present,most of the geological application work of APT is carried out by LEAP in laser-assisted mode[13].In recent years,the unique technical advantages of APT have attracted increasing attention in geological research,and their advantages in ore deposit research have become more prominent.Some important research results have been published[21-31].However,on the whole,its application in ore deposits and even geology is still in its infancy.The development history,basic principle,selection method of area of interest and needle tip sample preparation of APT are briefly introduced in this paper.Based on this,representative application achievements of APT in ore deposit research by domestic and foreign scholars in recent years are collected and summarized.In ore deposit research,APT is mainly applied in three aspects:the occurrence states of ore-forming elements,nanoscale inclusions,and stable isotope composition[21-31].At pres

关 键 词：原子探针 矿床研究 原子尺度 三维重建 成矿元素 

分 类 号：P575.1[天文地球—矿物学] P617.9[天文地球—地质学]