铝质刹车盘表面激光熔覆Al-Si-Ni-WC涂层的微观组织与抗磨性能研究  

Microstructure and Wear Resistance of Laser Cladding Al-Si-Ni-WC Coating on Aluminum Brake Disc Surfaces

作　　者：赵鹏 王守仁[1] 王高琦 肖振 高绍平[1] 刘晓萍 Zhao Peng;Wang Shouren;Wang Gaoqi;Xiao Zhen;Gao Shaoping;Liu Xiaoping(College of Mechanical Engineering,University of Jinan,Jinan 250022,Shandong,China;Shandong Longji Machinery Co.,Ltd.,Longkou 265700,Shandong,China)

机构地区：[1]济南大学机械工程学院,山东济南250022 [2]山东隆基机械股份有限公司,山东龙口265700

出　　处：《中国激光》2023年第20期92-103,共12页Chinese Journal of Lasers

基　　金：山东省自然科学基金重大基础研究项目(ZR2020ZD06);山东省泰山学者人才项目(2022—2027)。

摘　　要：利用Al-Si-Ni-WC合金粉末,通过激光熔覆技术在ZL108铝合金刹车盘表面上制备出具有优异抗磨损性能的涂层。对涂层微观组织性能、硬度值、磨损体积、抗腐蚀性进行了分析。研究结果表明:利用Al-18%Si-30%Ni-5%WC复合涂层获得了平整且厚度均匀的熔覆面。涂层中的物相主要有AlNi、AlNi_(3)、WC、SiC等硬质合金相,且原位生成的硬质合金相均匀分布在熔覆层内。基体和涂层结合紧密,熔覆涂层内部的晶粒发生细化。熔覆涂层表面的平均硬度值为272 HV,是ZL108基材表面平均硬度值的3.1倍。相比于基体,涂层具有更加优异的耐磨性能,并且在高温环境下,涂层的磨损量较小。涂层磨损机理为磨粒磨损和黏着磨损以及少量的氧化磨损,铝合金刹车盘的耐磨性得到显著增加。Objective With the increasing demand for automobiles,automobile brake discs are increasingly being used.The weight of traditional gray cast iron brake disc is 4‒5 times that of aluminum alloy casting brake disc.Lightweight car design not only reduces energy consumption but also enable cars to achieve faster initial speeds.However,when excessive wear occurs on the surfaces of brake discs,the braking distance is significantly affected,which impairs driver safety.Compared with those of traditional gray cast iron brake discs,the hardness of aluminum alloy brake discs is low and the wear resistance is poor,and these are more likely to cause plastic deformation and other problems in cars.Thus,the application and development of aluminum alloys for use in car brake discs are greatly limited.As a new surface modification technology,laser cladding can be used to clad aluminum alloy brake disc surfaces with stronger mechanical and anti-wear properties.Not only can this technology reduce the weight of brake discs,it also can overcome the shortcomings of aluminum alloy brake discs and address actual working conditions.In this study,Al-Si-Ni-WC composite coating is prepared on the surface of the ZL108 aluminum alloy using laser cladding technology,where the hardness and wear resistance are greatly improved.Methods First,a ZL108 aluminum alloy sheet is used as the matrix material,which is prepared according to the proportions listed in Table 2.It is then placed in a ball mill for mixing for 6 h and dried in a drying oven for 5 h.The experiment is conducted using the fiber laser cladding equipment with a maximum laser power of 2 kW.After the coating is prepared on the Al alloy plate,it is cut along the direction perpendicular to the laser-scanning direction.After the sample is obtained,the surface is polished using SiC sandpapers.The polished sample is then placed in a prepared Keller s reagent for surface corrosion,and the surface microstructure is observed.The morphology is observed using scanning electron microscopy(SEM),an

关 键 词：激光技术 铝合金 激光熔覆 刹车盘 微观组织 摩擦磨损 

分 类 号：TG174.44[金属学及工艺—金属表面处理]