2016—2021年新疆生产建设兵团第八师动物鼠疫监测分析  

Analysis of animal plague surveillance in Eighth Division of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps from 2016 to 2021

作　　者：贾怀妙 JIA Huai-miao(Shihezi Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention,8th Division,Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps,Shihezi,Xinjiang 832000,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆生产建设兵团第八师石河子市疾病预防控制中心,新疆石河子832000

出　　处：《疾病预防控制通报》2023年第5期54-57,共4页Bulletin of Disease Control & Prevention(China)

基　　金：第八师石河子市科技计划项目(2023NY04-1)。

摘　　要：目的了解新疆生产建设兵团第八师荒漠鼠疫疫源地动物鼠疫流行趋势,为制定鼠疫防控策略提供科学依据。方法收集整理2016—2021年新疆生产建设兵团第八师8个团场鼠疫监测资料,运用描述流行病学方法,分析宿主动物和媒介蚤类监测结果,以及血清学和病原学检测结果。结果2016—2021年新疆生产建设兵团第八师共调查面积503 ha,年均鼠密度为2.54只/ha,大沙鼠密度在2.32~2.78只/ha;夜行鼠平均捕获率为11.56%,以子午沙鼠为主、占90.29%,不同年度捕获率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=237.352,P<0.001);鼠体染蚤率92.27%,总蚤指数5.87,洞干蚤染蚤率58.86%,蚤指数1.91;共检测大沙鼠血清1257份,阳性6份、阳性率0.48%。结论新疆生产建设兵团第八师荒漠鼠疫疫源地动物鼠疫疫情仍处于较为活跃的状态,辖区内鼠疫传播风险持续存在;应继续加强联防联控,做好动物鼠疫监测,及时开展鼠疫风险评估及动物鼠疫疫情处置,严防人间鼠疫发生。Objective To understand the epidemic trend of animal plague in desert plague foci of the 8th Division of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps,and provide scientific basis for formulating plague prevention and control strategy.Methods The data of plague surveillance in 8 regimental farms of 8th Division of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps from 2016 to 2021 were collected and organized,and the results of host animals,vector fleas,and the serological and etiological detection were analyzed with descriptive epidemiological methods.Result From 2016 to 2021,the total area of 503 ha was monitored in 8th Division of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps,with average annual rat density of 2.54/ha,and the density of big gerbils of 2.32-2.78/ha.The average capture rate of nocturnal rodents was 11.56%,and meridional gerbils were mainly,accounting for 90.29%.The difference was statistical in the capture rates among different years(χ^(2)=237.352,P<0.001).The flea infection rate on the body of rats was 92.27%.The total flea index was 5.87,and the total flea infection rate of hole dry fleas was 58.86%,and the flea index was 1.91.A total of 1257 serum samples of big gerbils were detected,with 6 samples positive and the positive rate was 0.48%.Conclusions The animal plague epidemic in the desert plague foci is still in a relatively active state in 8th Division of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps,where the risk of plague transmission exists.Joint prevention and joint control should be kept,and the animal plague surveillance should be done well.Risk assessment of plague and animal plague epidemic treatment should be timely carry out to strictly prevent the occurrence of human plague.

关 键 词：鼠疫 动物 鼠密度 

分 类 号：R516.8[医药卫生—内科学]