华人自我理论的发展现状与特点  

Developmental Feature and Current Status of Theories of the Chinese Self

作　　者：王振东 李抗 魏新东 史娟 汪凤炎 Wang Zhendong;Li Kang;Wei Xindong;Shi Juan;Wang Fengyan(Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,School of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Shanghai,201203;School of Psychology,Nanjing Normal University,Nanjing,210097;School of Educational Science,Zhoukou Normal University,Zhoukou,466001)

机构地区：[1]上海中医药大学中医学院,上海201203 [2]南京师范大学心理学院,南京210097 [3]周口师范学院教育科学学院,周口466001

出　　处：《心理科学》2023年第5期1272-1278,共7页Journal of Psychological Science

基　　金：上海中医药大学预算内科研项目(2021WK132);国家自然科学基金(31971014);2020年度江苏省第五期“333高层次人才培养工程”科研资助项目“文化对个体智慧表现的影响及机制”的资助。

摘　　要：自我是人格心理学和社会心理学的重要研究主题。自文化心理学兴起以来,构建契合中国社会、历史与文化特质的自我理论,成为众多华人心理学者努力的目标。这些探讨华人自我的理论或模型可分为个体-集体、差序格局取向以及源生模型取向三类取向。厘清华人自我理论的发展轮廓和脉络,有助于多方位、立体性理解华人自我观的丰富内涵,为进一步研究华人自我奠定坚实基础。The self is an important concept in the research of personality psychology and social psychology.Since the rise of cultural psychology in recent decades,many Chinese indigenous psychologists are involved in constructing a Chinese self-theory that fits the characteristics of Chinese society,history,and culture.The existing Chinese self-theories or self-models can be divided into three categories,including individualism/collectivism oriented Chinese self-theories,differential pattern oriented Chinese self-theories,and protogenetic symbol oriented Chinese self-theories.The individualism/collectivism oriented Chinese self-theories inherited from the individualism/collectivism dimension in culturology,in the same line with the self-construal theory that divided the cultural self-construal into the independent self and interdependent self,which emerged from the comparison with the western"mainstream modern civilization."The most representative individualism/collectivism oriented Chinese selftheories include the“four-part theory of Chinese self”proposed by Yang Kwo-Shu,the“dual-cultural self-theory”suggested by Hong Ying-Yi,and the“composite self-theory”proposed by Lu Luo.These theories are generally nested in the individual orientation and social orientation,and the interdependent self to construct the modern Chinese self that is now expanding into a multicultural convergence theory of the self.The differential pattern oriented Chinese self-theories developed from Fei Xiao-Tong’s differential pattern theory,which described the Chinese traditional social structure.From a psychological perspective,the differential pattern of social form is considered as internalized psychological differential pattern.That is,consistent with the premise of individual-centeredness,other people around the individuals are given different values and meanings and pulled into the concentric circles of self-identity,forming a"self-centered"form with differential order.On this basis,Yang Chung-Fang,Yang Yi-Yin,Zhai Xue-Wei,and so on

关 键 词：自我 华人自我 差序格局 个人主义-集体主义 自我模型 

分 类 号：B848[哲学宗教—心理学]