纤维素降解菌的分离筛选及产酶条件优化  

Isolation and Enzymatic Activity of Cellulose-degrading Bacteria

作　　者：张慧[1] 赵恪 林陈强[1] 林戎斌[1] 陈龙军[1] 陈济琛[1] ZHANG Hui;ZHAO Ke;LIN Chenqiang;LIN Rongbin;CHEN Longjun;CHEN Jichen(Soil and Fertilizer Institute,Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Fuzhou,Fujian350013,China;College of Resources and Environment,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou,Fujian 350002,China)

机构地区：[1]福建省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所,福建福州350013 [2]福建农林大学资源与环境学院,福建福州350002

出　　处：《福建农业学报》2023年第9期1117-1123,共7页Fujian Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：福建省科技计划公益类专项(2023R1074);福州市农业科技项目(2020-N-12);福建省科技计划项目(2020I0045);福建省农业科学院科技创新团队建设项目(CXTD2021030)。

摘　　要：【目的】为获得秸秆降解的应用型菌株,自制秸秆腐熟菌剂。【方法】从林下土壤和堆肥样品中,采用羧甲基纤维素钠和刚果红培养基进行分离筛选,并对菌株纤维素酶活性、滤纸酶活性和木聚糖酶活性进行测定。【结果】获得1株羧甲基纤维素酶活力最高的菌株,经形态学和分子生物学鉴定为地衣芽孢杆菌(Bacillus licheniformis)。该菌株对滤纸有崩解效果,滤纸酶活性14.21 U·mL^(−1),木聚糖酶活性24.03 U·mL^(−1),玉米秸秆降解率为21.2%。【结论】菌株TB1滤纸崩解试验效果较好,纤维素酶活性、滤纸酶活性和木聚糖酶活性均较高,具有秸秆降解开发应用价值。【Objective】Bacteria capable of effectively degrading spent straws were isolated,and conditions for the enzymatic reaction analyzed.【Method】On a medium containing sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and Congo red,potential strains capable of decomposing fibrous material were isolated from sampled forest soil and compost.Enzymatic activities of the isolates were examined,and conditions determined.【Result】Bacillus licheniformis was identified as the strain with the greatest carboxymethyl cellulase activity.It demonstrated a filter paper degrading activity of 14.21 U·mL^(−1),a xylanase activity of 24.03 U·mL^(−1),and an ability to decompose 21.2%of corn straws.On corn straws,the selected isolate was observed to show the maximum digestion with an overall activity up to 48.63 U·mL^(−1) by using KNO3 for nitrogen source at pH 7 and 30℃.【Conclusion】B.licheniformis was a cellulose-degrading bacterium that could be used to decompose spent corn straws for waste disposal.

关 键 词：纤维素降解菌 秸秆 酶活 

分 类 号：X705[环境科学与工程—环境工程]