公共图书馆应用人脸识别技术的法律风险防控  

Legal Risk Prevention of Face Recognition Technology Applied in Public Libraries

作　　者：杨帆 张添玉 Yang Fan;Zhang Tianyu

机构地区：[1]扬州大学法学院

出　　处：《图书馆学研究》2023年第10期35-40,共6页Research on Library Science

基　　金：司法部2021年法治建设与法学理论研究部级科研项目“人脸识别技术应用的法律规制研究”(项目编号:21SFB4011)的研究成果之一。

摘　　要：人脸识别通过信息科技赋能智慧图书馆建设,在公共图书馆领域逐步得到推广与普及。通过调研发现,人脸识别技术在公共图书馆中的应用主要分为“人脸信息收集”“人脸信息对比”“人脸信息加工”等场景。人脸信息作为《个人信息保护法》中的敏感个人信息,其诸多特性在给读者带来便利的同时,也潜藏着侵犯读者权益的民事和刑事法律风险。对于公共图书馆应用人脸识别技术的法律风险研判、法律边界厘定等方面的研究有利于推动公共图书馆在处理人脸信息时履行合规义务,保障读者的个人信息权益。公共图书馆应当恪守使用人脸识别技术的法律边界:在读者明确知情同意的前提下收集人脸信息,设置人脸信息获取服务的替代措施,不得将人脸识别作为获取服务的唯一手段,并在有限期限内保存和使用人脸数据,同时对14周岁以下未成年读者的人脸信息予以特别保护。Face recognition,empowering the construction of smart libraries through information technology,has been gradually applied in the field of public libraries.Through surveys,it is found that the application of face recognition technology in public libraries is mainly divided into scenarios including collection,comparison and processing of reader's face information.As sensitive personal information in the Personal Information Protection Law,the characteristics of face information bring many conveniences to the use of face recognition technology in public libraries,and at the same time,there are some possible civil and criminal risks.The research on the legal risk analysis and legal boundary determination of the application of face recognition technology in public libraries is conducive to fulflling the compliance obligations of public libraries and protecting reader's personal information rights.Legal boundaries for the use of face recognition technology in public libraries should be clarified.Public libraries should collect face information on the premise of reader's clear and informed consent,set up alternative measures for readers to the access to library services,and store face information within a limited period.In addition,public libraries should attach special emphasis on the face information protection of minors no more than 14 years old.

关 键 词：人脸识别技术 个人信息保护 敏感个人信息 读者权利 

分 类 号：G250.7[文化科学—图书馆学] D922.16[政治法律—宪法学与行政法学] G258.2[政治法律—法学] D923