固体氧化物电解池关键材料及其海水电解研究进展  

Research Progress on Key Components and Seawater Electrolysis of Solid Oxide Electrolytic Cell

作　　者：李德胜 郭虎 胡莹珍 何喜红 邱国兴 刘森辉 李成新[2] LI Desheng;GUO Hu;HU Yingzhen;HE Xihong;QIU Guoxing;LIU Senhui;LI Chengxin(College of Metallurgical Engineering,Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology,Xi'an 710055,China;State Key laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials,School of Materials Science and Engineering,Xi'an Jiaotong University,Xi'an 710049,China)

机构地区：[1]西安建筑科技大学冶金工程学院,西安710048 [2]西安交通大学材料科学与工程学院,金属材料强度国家重点实验室,西安710049

出　　处：《硅酸盐学报》2023年第10期2712-2726,共15页Journal of The Chinese Ceramic Society

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(51901187);国家自然科学基金项目(52201087);陕西省自然科学基金(2022JM-253);陕西省教育厅专项科研计划项目(21JK0725);西安交通大学金属材料强度国家重点实验室开放基金(20222416)。

摘　　要：固体氧化物电解池(SOEC)在本质上是固体氧化物燃料电池(SOFC)的逆向模式,通过电化学过程在电极侧实现氢气/碳氢燃料气体的析出,具有简单、灵活、低能耗等显著优势,能量转换效率高达85%~95%。作为目前极有望实现大规模高效制氢的先进电化学能量转化装置,SOEC稳定性和寿命的提升,对实现中国能源结构调整、推进“双碳”目标进程具有重要意义。本文针对燃料电极、固态电解质、氧电极3大关键部件的材料选择、服役性能等研究现状展开了系统讨论,分别对其电流密度、电压衰减率、阻抗、电导率及产氢速率等性能参数进行了详细归纳。在此基础上,提出了SOEC技术在未来电解海水制氢中的应用潜力,并就复合电极等关键部件材料的发展进行了展望。As an advanced electrochemical energy conversion device,solid oxide electrolytic cell(SOEC)can achieve the hydrogen/hydrocarbon fuel gas precipitation at the electrode side through reversible electrochemical process of solid oxide fuel cell(SOFC).SOEC is regarded as one of the most promising systems in promoting large-scale hydrogen production and energy structure optimization as well as realizing our"double carbon"goal due to its simplicity,fuel flexibility,low energy consumption and high system efficiencies(85%-95%).This review represented the research status on the material selection and service performance for the key components(i.e.,fuel electrode,solid electrolyte and oxygen electrode)of SOEC.Moreover,the performance parameters(i.e.,current density,voltage decay rate,impedance,conductivity and hydrogen production rate)were summarized.In addition,the application potential of SOEC technology in the future hydrogen production from electrolytic seawater as well as the future development of key component materials such as composite electrode were also proposed.

关 键 词：固体氧化物电解池 制氢 燃料电极 电解质 氧电极 

分 类 号：TK91[动力工程及工程热物理]