协拨组合式玉米条带秸秆清理装置设计与试验  

Design and Experiment of Co-stirring Combined Corn Strip-Straw Cleaning Device

作　　者：高振 卢彩云[1,2] 位旭阳 李洪文 何进[1,2] 王庆杰 GAO Zhen;LU Caiyun;WEI Xuyang;LI Hongwen;HE Jin;WANG Qingjie(College of Engineering,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100083,China;Scientific Observing and Experiment Station of Arable Land Conservation(North Hebei),Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs,Beijing 100083,China;Luoyang Electro Optic Equipment Research Institute,China Aviation Industry Corporation,Luoyang 471023,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学工学院,北京100083 [2]农业农村部河北北部耕地保育科学观测实验站,北京100083 [3]中国航空工业集团公司洛阳电光设备研究所,洛阳471023

出　　处：《农业机械学报》2023年第10期68-79,共12页Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

基　　金：中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(XDA28010402);中国农业大学2115人才工程项目。

摘　　要：针对现有条带秸秆清理装置集行效果差、秸秆清理率低等问题,提出了一种协拨组合式条带秸秆清理方案,从力学角度对比分析不同齿形清秸轮拨送秸秆的过程,设计了一种径向锐化协拨清秸轮,清秸轮半径为162.5 mm、齿数为12、齿长为65 mm。开展了协拨组合式条带秸秆清理装置的仿真试验,以径向锐化清秸轮的工作参数为影响因素,秸秆清理率为指标,开展离散元仿真试验,分析了清秸轮工作过程中秸秆运动、土壤扰动及秸秆清理率的变化。结果表明,试验因素对秸秆清理率的影响由大到小为侧倾角、前进速度、前倾角,当机具前进速度为7.8 km/h、清秸轮前倾角为31.7°、侧倾角为13.4°时,秸秆清理率最高为91.62%。开展了协拨组合式条带秸秆清理装置和整机的作业性能田间试验,结果表明协拨组合式条带秸秆清理装置工作稳定,秸秆清理率为87%~90%,实现了条带秸秆清理装置的设计目标。To solve the problems of poor collection effect and unstable profiling of existing machines and tools for strip straw cleaning,a combined strip straw cleaning scheme was proposed. The process of pulling straws with different tooth shape cleaning wheels was compared and analyzed from the mechanical point of view,and a radial sharpening-assisted pulling cleaning wheel was designed. The radius of the cleaning wheel was 162.5mm,the number of teeth was 12,and the tooth length was 65mm. The simulation experiment of the combined strip straw cleaning device was carried out. Taking the working parameters of the radial sharpening straw cleaning wheel as the experimental factors and the straw cleaning rate as the experimental index,the quadratic orthogonal rotation regression discrete element simulation experiment was carried out to analyze the changes in straw movement,soil disturbance,and straw cleaning rate during the working process of the straw cleaning wheel. The results showed the significant order of the experimental factors on the straw cleaning rate from large to small was as follows: roll angle,forward speed and rake angle. When the forward speed of the machine was 7.8km/h,the rake angle of the straw cleaning wheel was 31.7°,and the roll angle was 13.4°,the highest straw cleaning rate was 91.62%. A field experiment on the operational performance of the combined strip straw cleaning device and the whole machine was carried out. The results showed that the combined strip straw cleaning device worked stably,the straw cleaning rate was 87%~90%,and the design goal of the strip straw cleaning device was achieved.

关 键 词：条带秸秆清理装置 条带耕作 径向锐化清秸轮 EDEM仿真 

分 类 号：S223.2[农业科学—农业机械化工程]