室内步行街中庭火灾温度场特征及烟气蔓延控制全尺寸试验研究  

Full⁃scale experimental investigation on temperature distribution and smoke spread control in indoor pedestrian street atrium fires

作　　者：范传刚 盛子琼 焦澳 Fan Chuangang;Sheng Ziqiong;Jiao Ao(Central South University,Changsha 410075,China;Fujian Provincial Institute of Architectural Design and Research Co,Ltd,Fuzhou 350001,China)

机构地区：[1]中南大学,湖南长沙410075 [2]福建省建筑设计研究院有限公司,福建福州350001

出　　处：《土木工程学报》2023年第11期56-63,共8页China Civil Engineering Journal

基　　金：福建省科技计划项目(2019Y3002)。

摘　　要：通过开展一系列全尺寸火灾试验,研究室内步行街中庭火灾的烟气蔓延特征和温度分布规律,讨论不同排烟模式下中庭火灾的羽流轴向温升、横向温升分布、远火源处垂直方向温升的变化规律。研究结果表明中庭火灾的烟气蔓延范围、烟气层高度、温度分布规律与排烟模式及建筑结构特征有关,烟气横向温升衰减速率则与火源功率、排烟模式以及距地面的高度有关。基于Zukoski模型分别建立了自然排烟和机械排烟模式下的火源上方羽流轴向温升的修正模型。文章中自然排烟方法对中庭火灾烟气整体温升控制效果较好,但对烟气蔓延范围的控制效果有限;而机械排烟方法对烟气整体温升的控制效果不佳,对烟气蔓延范围的控制效果较好。A series of full⁃scale fire tests were carried out to investigate the smoke movement characteristics and temperature distribution of indoor pedestrian street atrium fires.The variations of axial temperature rise,transverse temperature rise distribution,and vertical temperature rise away from the fire source with different smoke exhaust modes were studied.Results show that the smoke spread range,smoke layer height,and temperature distribution of the atrium fire are related to the smoke exhaust mode and building structure characteristics.The decay rate of the transverse smoke temperature rise is related to the heat release rate,the smoke exhaust mode,and the distance to the floor.Based on the Zukoski model,the modified axial temperature rise models of fire plume under natural and mechanical smoke exhaust modes are established respectively.In these tests,it is found that natural smoke exhaust mode has a significant inhibition effect on the entire smoke temperature rise,but has a limited control effect on the smoke spread range.On the contrary,the mechanical smoke exhaust has a limited inhibition effect on the entire smoke temperature rise,but has an obvious control effect on the smoke spread range.

关 键 词：室内步行街 中庭火灾 烟气蔓延 温度分布 自然排烟 机械排烟 

分 类 号：TU998.1[建筑科学—市政工程]