单采血小板献血者输血相关传染病标志物筛查结果分析  

Analysis on screening results of transfusion related infectious disease markers in apheresis platelet donors

作　　者：盖福亮 董晓霞 闫爱美 尹伟鹏 董菲 Gai Fuliang;Dong Xiaoxia;Yan Aimei;Yin Weipeng;Dong FeiWeifang(Central Blood Station,Weifang 261041,Shandong,China)

机构地区：[1]潍坊市中心血站,山东潍坊261041

出　　处：《实用检验医师杂志》2023年第3期270-273,共4页Chinese Journal of Clinical Pathologist

摘　　要：目的研究单采血小板献血者输血相关传染病标志物的筛查结果。方法回顾并分析2021年1月—2022年12月潍坊市中心血站500例单采血小板献血者的血液筛查结果,根据年龄分为18~25岁组(87例)、>25~35岁组(119例)、>35~45岁组(142例)、>45~55岁组(106例)、>55岁组(46例)。分析不同性别、不同年龄献血者的输血相关传染病标志物筛查不合格情况,同时比较2020年与2021年的筛查不合格率。结果500例献血者中输血相关传染病标志物筛查不合格率为17.80%。女性抗-梅毒螺旋体(抗-TP)不合格率明显高于男性,丙氨酸转氨酶(ALT)、核酸扩增技术(NAT)筛查不合格率以及总不合格率均明显低于男性(抗-TP:3.85%比0.31%,ALT:0.55%比3.77%,NAT:1.10%比2.52%,总不合格率:13.19%比20.44%,均P<0.05)。不同年龄献血者的筛查不合格率比较差异有统计学意义,按照筛查不合格率由高到低进行排列顺序为>35~45岁、>25~35岁、18~25岁、>45~55岁、>55岁(不合格率分别为23.24%、21.85%、16.09%、12.26%、6.52%,P<0.05)。单采血小板献血者2021年的筛查总不合格率明显高于2022年(24.11%比12.68%,P<0.05)。结论单采血小板献血者的输血相关传染病标志物筛查不合格率较高,需要对献血前的健康咨询、体检初筛等工作进行规范,发展和固定无偿献血队伍,以降低血液报废率,促进临床用血安全性的提升。Objective To study the screening results of infectious disease markers related to blood transfusion in apheresis platelet donors.Methods The blood screening results of 500 apheresis platelet donors at Weifang Central Blood Station from January 2021 to December 2022 were reviewed and analyzed.According to age,they were divided into 18-25 year old group(87 cases),>25-35 year old group(119 cases),>35-45 year old group(142 cases),>45-55 year old group(106 cases)and>55 year old group(46 cases).The screening failure rates of transfusion related infectious disease markers among blood donors of different genders and ages were analyzed,and the screening failure rates in 2020 and 2021 were compared.Results The screening failure rate of transfusion related infectious disease markers among 500 blood donors was 17.80%.The failure rate of anti-Treponema pallidum(anti-TP)in female was significantly higher than that in male,while the failure rates of alanine aminotransferase(ALT),nucleic acid amplification technology(NAT)screening and overall failure rate were significantly lower than those in male(anti-TP:3.85%vs.0.31%,ALT:0.55%vs.3.77%,NAT:13.19%vs.20.44%,all P<0.05).The difference in screening failure rates among blood donors of different ages was statistically significant.According to the order of screening failure rates from high to low,they were>35-45 year old group,>25-35 year old group,18-25 year old group,>45-55 year old group and>55 year old group(the failure rates were 23.24%,21.85%,16.09%,12.26%and 6.52%,respectively,P<0.05).The overall screening failure rate of platelet donors in 2021 was significantly higher than that in 2022(24.11%vs.12.68%,P<0.05).Conclusions The screening failure rate of transfusion related infectious disease markers in apheresis platelet donors is relatively high.It is necessary to standardize the health consultation and initial screening of physical examinations before blood donation and develop and fix the volunteer blood donation team,in order to reduce the blood scrap rate and promote the i

关 键 词：血小板 献血 输血相关传染病 标志物 筛查 

分 类 号：R457.1[医药卫生—治疗学]