《史记正义》反切中“开合一致原则”的成立范围  

The Range of the Fanqie(反切)Principle of Kai He Yizhi(开合一致)in Shiji Zhengyi(史记正义)

作　　者：廖秋华 LIAO Qiu-hua(School of Humanities and Communication,Zhejiang Gongshang University,Hangzhou Zhejiang 310018,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江工商大学人文与传播学院,杭州310018

出　　处：《语言研究》2023年第4期74-80,共7页Studies in Language and Linguistics

基　　金：国家社科基金后期资助项目“《史记》三家音注与《资治通鉴音注》的比较研究”(21FYYB018);国家社科基金重大项目“中、日、韩汉语音义文献集成与汉语音义学研究”(19ZDA318);2022年度浙江理工大学基本科研业务费科研专项“中古标准语南北地域变体中的唇音演变研究”(22256202-Y)。

摘　　要：《史记正义》反切中“开合一致原则”有其成立范围。“开合一致原则”指的是反切上字和被切字开合一致。遇摄上字既常作开口反切的切上字又常作合口反切的切上字的这一特殊性影响到原则的适用性,假设在张守节的时代模、鱼韵字拟音为开口,则“开合一致原则”对所有开口反切均成立,对绝大多数合口反切则不成立。反切创制初形成的反切用字的“呼读”传统,是造成《史记正义》中“开合一致原则”的例外反切的重要原因。This paper discuss the range of the Fanqie(反切)principle of Kai He Yizhi(开合一致)in Shiji Zhengyi(史记正义).The principle of Kai He Yizhi(开合一致)means the first word in fanqie and the word which was annotated have the same opened degree of the mouth.The first words in Fanqie(反切)of Yu She(遇摄)could note the opened Fanqie(反切),also they could note the closed Fanqie(反切).This specific characteristics have influent on the Fanqie(反切)principle of Kai He Yizhi(开合一致).If we draw up the characters of Mu vowels(模韵)and Yu vowels(鱼韵)as the opened vowels in the times of Zhang Shou-jie(张守节),then the principle can apply to all opened Fanqie(反切),but mostly it could not apply to the closed Fanqie(反切).The Hudu(呼读)tradition of words in Fanqie which arose from the times of Fanqie(反切)creation,and it maybe the important reason of exception of the Fanqie principle of Kai He Yizhi(开合一致)in Shiji Zhengyi(史记正义).

关 键 词：《史记正义》 反切结构 开合一致原则 “呼读”传统 

分 类 号：H113[语言文字—汉语]