2011—2021年重庆市流行性腮腺炎流行特征及趋势分析  

Epidemiological characteristics of mumps in Chongqing,2011-2021

作　　者：杨琳 易娟[1] 龙江[1] 赵寒[1] YANG Lin;YI Juan;LONG Jiang;ZHAO Han(Chongqing Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Chongqing,Chongqing 400042,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆市疾病预防控制中心,重庆400042

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2023年第20期3669-3672,3690,共5页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：基于大数据的重点传染病智慧监监测预警平台构建及应用研究(ctsc2020jscxcy1hX2003)。

摘　　要：目的了解重庆市流行性腮腺炎的流行病学特征,为有效应对和科学防控提供依据。方法对2011—2021年重庆市在中国疾病预防控制中心传染病监测系统网络直报流行性腮腺炎数据和突发公共卫生事件管理信息系统上报的暴发疫情数据,采用描述流行病学方法进行三间分布分析。结果2011—2021年重庆市流行性腮腺炎共报告100277例,年均报告发病率为30.20/10万,2011年报告发病率最高(59.14/10万),2020年报告发病率最低(12.31/10万),整体呈逐年下降趋势(χ2趋势=71.458,P<0.01);无死亡;4—7月(53212例,占53.06%)和11月至次年1月(20850例,占20.79%)为发病高峰;4~6岁年龄段发病率最高(294.62/10万);男性年均发病率高于女性(34.64/10万vs.25.65/10万)。都市区年均发病率最高32.19/10万,其次为渝东南城镇群28.25/10万,最低的则为渝东北城镇群25.72/10万。共报告流行性腮腺炎暴发疫情316起,均发生在学校和幼儿园。结论2011—2021年重庆市流行性腮腺炎年发病率呈下降趋势,病例学生居多,疫情多发生在学校,应加强学校重点场所流腮防控工作。同时,建议学龄前儿童接种2剂次含腮腺炎成分疫苗,并保证高接种率。Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of mumps in Chongqing and to provide the scientific basis for formulating prevention and control strategies for mumps.Methods Based on the Mumps data directly reported by the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention’s infectious disease monitoring system network and the outbreak data reported by the public health emergency management information system in Chongqing in 2011-2021,the epidemiological characteristics of mumps in Chongqing from 2011-2021 were analyzed by descriptive epidemiological methods.Results A total of 100277 cases of mumps were reported from 2011-2021,with no deaths.The annual average reported incidence rate was 30.20 per 100000,with the highest reported incidence rate in 2011(59.14 per 100000)and the lowest reported incidence rate in 2020(12.31 per 100000);There were two incidence peaks in in April-July(53,212 cases,accounting for 53.06%)and November-January(20,850 cases,accounting for 20.79%)in each year;with the highest incidence rate among children aged 4-6 years(294.62 per 100000);The average annual incidence rate of male were higher than female(34.64 per 100000 vs.25.65 per 100000).The incidence rate in the metropolitan area was the highest(32.19 per 100000),followed by southeast Chongqing(28.25 per 100000)and northeast Chongqing(25.72 per 100000)The outbreaks occurred in schools and kindergartens.Conclusion The mumps cases in Chongqing from 2011-2021 were mainly students,and the prevention and control of mumps in schools should be emphasized.It is recommended to implement the second dose of mumps-containing vaccine for preschool children and ensure a high vaccination rate.

关 键 词：流行性腮腺炎 流行病学特征 描述流行病学分析 

分 类 号：R181.3[医药卫生—流行病学] R512.1[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]