新疆伊犁昭苏健康鸡源大肠杆菌耐药性及耐药基因分析  

Drug Resistance and Genotype Analysis of Escherichia coli in Healthy Chickens from Zhaosu,Yili,Xinjiang

作　　者：李宏博 陈月月 杨玉洁 徐琦琦 秦蕾 蔡鑫 夏利宁[1] LI Hongbo;CHEN Yueyue;YANG Yujie;XU Qiqi;QIN Lei;CAI Xin;XIA Lining(College of Veterinary Medicine,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,China;Huocheng VocationalTechnical School,Xinjiang Yili 835200,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学动物医学学院,乌鲁木齐830052 [2]霍城县职业技术学校,新疆伊犁835200

出　　处：《中国农业科技导报》2023年第11期123-131,共9页Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金-地区基金项目(31860714)。

摘　　要：为了解新疆伊犁昭苏地区鸡源大肠杆菌耐药性和耐药基因携带情况,并有针对性地指导用药,从伊犁昭苏克马克加尔村、森塔斯村、乌克勒加尔村3个村落采集300份鸡肛拭子样品,从中分离试验用大肠杆菌。利用琼脂稀释法测定其对6大类9种抗菌药物的耐药性,并利用PCR技术检测相应的耐药基因。结果表明,300份样品共分离大肠杆菌289株,森塔斯村、克马克加尔村和乌克勒加尔村的分离率分别为100.0%、97.0%和93.8%。药敏结果显示,289株大肠杆菌对氨苄西林、氟苯尼考、四环素的耐药率较高,分别为31.5%、26.0%、20.1%。不同村落之间耐药严重程度由高至低依次为森塔斯村、克马克加尔村、乌克勒加尔村,其中森塔斯村鸡源大肠杆菌对氨苄西林、头孢唑啉、氟苯尼考、恩诺沙星和硫酸粘菌素的耐药率分别为40.0%、35.0%、45.0%、40.0%和30.0%;乌克勒加尔村鸡源大肠杆菌对所有被检抗菌药物的耐药率均未超过20.0%。不同村落大肠杆菌耐药谱型丰富度不同,其中克马克加尔村鸡源大肠杆菌耐药谱型最多,有32种谱型,另2个村落的耐药谱型也超过10种。基因检测结果显示,3个村落共检出9种耐药基因,其中floR、tet(A)和bla_(TEM)基因的检出率分别为25.6%、18.0%和18.0%。克马克加尔村鸡源大肠杆菌中检出bla_(TEM)、bla_(CTX-M)、floR、oqxA、oqxB、tet(A)、tet(M)、ant(3″)-Ⅰa、mcr-1共9种耐药基因;乌克勒加尔村鸡源大肠杆菌中检出bla_(TEM)、bla_(CTX-M)、floR、oqxA、oqxB、tet(A)共6种耐药基因;而森塔斯村鸡源大肠杆菌只检出tet(A)、floR、bla_(CTX-M)和bla_(TEM)共4种耐药基因。综上,新疆伊犁昭苏鸡源大肠杆菌的耐药率较高,耐药谱型丰富,在加强对抗菌药物使用监管的同时,应结合药敏试验结果对养殖场采取不同的用药方案。In order to understand the drug resistance phenotype and genotype carried of Escherichia coli in healthy chickens from three villages in Zhaosu area,Yili,Xinjiang,and guide drug pertinently,300 chicken anal swab samples were collected from Kemarkgar village,Sentas village and Uklegar village in Zhaosu,Yili and Escherichia coli was isolated and identified.The agar dilution method was used in order to check the drug resistance(MIC)of 9 antibiotics in 6 categories,and PCR was applied to test the corresponding drug resistance genes.The results showed that 289 strains were isolated from the 3 villages,which the separation rates of Sentas village,Kemagar village and Uklegar village were 100.0%,97.0%and 93.8%.289 strains of Escherichia coli had high resistance rates to ampicillin,florfenicol and tetracycline,which were 31.5%,26.0%and 20.1%,respectively.The severity of drug resistance from high to low was Sentas village,Kemakgar village,Uklegar village.The drug resistance rates of Escherichia coli from chicken in Sentas village to ampicillin,cefazolin,florfenicol,enrofloxacin and colistin sulfate were 40.0%,35.0%,45.0%,40.0%and 30.0%,respectively.The drug resistance rate of Escherichia coli from chicken in Uklegar village was the lowest,no more than 20.0%.The richness of drug resistance spectrum of Escherichia coli in different villages was different.Among them,the drug resistance spectrum of Escherichia coli from chicken in Kemakgar village was the most abundant,up to 32 species.Also,the drug resistance spectrums of other 2 villages were more than 10.Gene test results showed that 9 drug resistance genes were detected,of which the detection rates of floR,tet(A)and bla_(TEM) genes were 25.6%,18.0%and 18.0%,respectively.9 kinds of drug resistance genes were detected in Escherichia coli from chicken in Kemakgar village,including bla_(TEM),bla_(CTX-M),floR,oqxA,oqxB,tet(A),tet(M),ant(3″)-Ⅰa,mcr-1;6 kinds of drug resistance genes were detected in Escherichia coli from chicken in Uklegar Village,including bla_(TEM),bla_(CT

关 键 词：鸡源 大肠杆菌 分离鉴定 耐药性 耐药基因 

分 类 号：S831[农业科学—畜牧学]