外来中药的纳入标准和《外来药简表》的再考  

Inclusion Criteria of Exotic Traditional Chinese Medicine and Reexamination of Brief list of Foreign Medicinal Materials

作　　者：蔡青清 严铸云[1] Cai Qingqing;Yan Zhuyun(Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Chengdu,610075,China)

机构地区：[1]成都中医药大学,四川成都610075

出　　处：《成都中医药大学学报》2023年第5期66-70,共5页Journal of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(81973416)。

摘　　要：中医临床引入和使用外来药物,不仅扩大了中药资源,促进了中西方文化交流,也促进了中医药理论体系和临床工作的不断发展和完善。本文对外来中药的研究现状进行分析,提出“域外”的“域”应是当时的中医药文化圈,明确外来中药的定义,以及外来中药的纳入标准和排除标准。采用该标准对《我国各主要本草所载外来药简表》中所载的258种药物进行逐一考证和梳理。结果表明,去掉重复后该表中实际列出的外来药是223种,其中外来中药仅75种,基源明确者66种;外来药11种,外来中药资源5种,外来中成药3种,实质属本土中药者有117种,需要进一步考证药物有12种。考证中还发现,都咸子的基源植物存在错误,有待考证;“天竺黄”应作为“天竹黄”的异名。在中医药大健康产业的发展,中医药走向世界和“一带一路”倡议目标不断推进,本文提出应坚持以中医药理论为指导,充分运用现代科学的技术手段和中医药研究的新成果,全面开展全球天然药物的中药化研究,以增加中医临床可供选择中药的种类和扩充中药资源,建立完善的中药控制标准,促进中药在临床的广泛应用,提供中医药走向世界的药物储备,让中医药为人类的健康事业做出更大的贡献。The introduction and use of foreign medicinal materials in clinical Chinese medicine has not only expanded TCM resources,promoted cultural exchanges between China and the West,but also promoted the continuous development and improvement of TCM theoretical system and clinical work.Based on the analysis of the current research situation of exotic traditional Chinese medicine(ETCM),it is proposed that the“domain”of“out-of-domain”should be the cultural circle of TCM at that time,clarifying the definition of ETCM,as well as the inclusion and exclusion criteria.Using this standard,258 medicinal materials listed in the“Brief list of Foreign medicinal materials(FMM)Contained in Main Chinese Herbals”were verified and sorted out one by one.The results showed that after removing the duplicates,the actual list of FMM in the list was 224,of which only 75 were ETCM,and 66 were of clear origin.There are 11 kinds of FMM,5 kinds of ETCM resources,3 kinds of Exotic Chinese patent drugs,117 kinds of local TCM in essence,and 12 kinds of medicinal materials that need further research.At the same time,there are errors in the original plants of Duxianzi,which need to be verified;“Tianzhuhuang”should be synonymous with“Tianzhu haung”.With the development of the health industry of TCM,the internationalization of TCM and the continuous promotion of the strategic goal of the“the Belt and Road”,this paper proposes that we should adhere to the guidance of TCM theory,make full use of modern scientific technical means and new achievements of TCM research,and comprehensively carry out the research on the TCM of global natural drugs,so as to increase the types of TCM available for clinical use and expand the resources of TCM,Establish its comprehensive control standards,promote its widespread clinical application,provide a global drug reserve for TCM,and make greater contributions to human health.

关 键 词：外来中药 定义 纳入和排除标准 外来药简表 本草考证 初始时空限制 中药性能限制 

分 类 号：R285.1[医药卫生—中药学] R281.3[医药卫生—中医学]