南北地理分界线—秦巴山区碳酸盐岩溶蚀速率研究  

Karst dissolution rates of carbonate rocks in north-south geographical boundary of China—the Qinba Mountain Area

作　　者：杨治国 陈清敏 成星 贺凯凯 张瑜 唐力 艾昊 张文硕 YANG Zhiguo;CHEN Qingmin;CHENG Xing;HE Kaikai;ZHANG Yu;TANG Li;AI Hao;ZHANG Wenshuo(Shaanxi Experimental Center of Geological Survey,Shaanxi Institute of Geological Survey,Xi'an,Shaanxi 710065,China;Key Laboratory of Mine Geological Hazards Mechanism and Control,Ministry of Natural Resources,Xi'an,Shaanxi 710054,China;Postdoctoral Research Station of Shaanxi Geological Survey Institute,Xi'an,Shaanxi 710054,China;Qinba Research Branch of China Society of Natural Resources,Xi'an,Shaanxi 710054,China;Shaanxi Mineral Resources and Geological Survey,Shaanxi Institute of Geological Survey,Xi'an,Shaanxi 710068,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西省地质调查院陕西省地质调查实验中心,陕西西安710054 [2]自然资源部矿山地质灾害成灾机理与防控重点实验室,陕西西安710054 [3]陕西省地质调查院博士后科研工作站,陕西西安710054 [4]中国自然资源学会秦巴研究分会,陕西西安710054 [5]陕西省地质调查院陕西省矿产地质调查中心,陕西西安710068

出　　处：《中国岩溶》2023年第4期819-833,共15页Carsologica Sinica

基　　金：陕西省公益性地质调查项目《秦巴地区岩溶石漠化防治研究》(202008);黄土与第四纪地质国家重点实验室开放基金课题《汉中石笋多指标重建的末次冰期区域水文变化研究》(SKLLQG2209);国家自然科学基金项目《汉中天坑群的形成年代:宇宙成因核素26Al/10Be埋藏年龄研究》(41901096);陕西省自然科学基础研究计划—青年项目《汉中天坑群石笋记录的末次冰期区域水文和亚洲季风的关系研究》(2023-JC-QN-0298)。

摘　　要：溶蚀速率作为反映岩溶作用强度的一个量化数据,其研究有助于岩溶区生态系统的恢复,对石漠化治理研究也有较为重要的意义。陕西秦巴地区是中国地理上重要的南北分界线,其气候、生态环境与南方存在明显差异,为应对日益严峻的岩溶生态环境退化问题,亟需针对陕西秦巴地区开展岩溶作用的研究。研究选取林地、灌丛、草地三种植被类型,利用标准溶蚀试片法获得溶蚀速率,分析不同植被类型、气候条件对溶蚀速率的影响,以及溶蚀速率与石漠化程度的关系。结果表明:三种植被类型地下平均溶蚀速率表现为林地>灌丛>草地的规律。降雨与溶蚀速率有显著的正相关性,相关系数R=0.84,而气温与其相关性不显著。在发育石漠化区域的溶蚀速率对比中,发现人类活动越频繁的地区,溶蚀速率越大,石漠化程度越高。The karst area in the south of China is one of the three major karst distribution areas in the world.But the economic development of the karst mountainous area is severely restricted by the fragility of its environment and unreasonable disturbance of human activities.As quantitative data reflecting the intensity of karstification,karst dissolution rates can be studied to facilitate the restoration of karst ecosystem and control of rocky desertification.Especially in recent years,research on rocky desertification control and ecological restoration in karst areas of Southwest China has been achieved with fruitful results,and hence is widely concerned by many domestic scholars on karst ecological characteristics and vulnerability,rocky desertification control and other issues.The Qinba area of Shaanxi Province is an important dividing line between the north and south of China in a climate of subtropical continental monsoon.It is also known as the"central water tower"and has a large sinkhole group at high latitude.Its special geographical location obviously differentiates the climate and ecological environment between the north and south.At the same time,carbonate rocks are widely exposed in the Qinba area,especially in places such as Zhen'an,Shanyang,etc.Unreasonable human activities have destroyed the karst ecological environment,making rocky desertification prominent.By analyzing dissolution rates from the aspects of vegetation,climate,and human factors,we explore the impact of regional environmental changes on karst formation,which may provide data support for ecological restoration,karst carbon sequestration,and rocky desertification control,and may also fill the gap in the study of karst formation in the Qinba area of Shaanxi Province.The three representative vegetation types—woodland,shrub and grassland—were selected in field dissolution tests in the study area.In this study,we used standard dissolution specimens(square test pieces with the side length of 4 cm and thickness of 0.3 cm)of crystalline limesto

关 键 词：陕西秦巴地区 岩溶 溶蚀试片法 溶蚀速率 降雨量 气温 石漠化 

分 类 号：P642.25[天文地球—工程地质学] X141[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]