中国高等工程教育百年发展史回眸:历史演进、变革逻辑与未来趋向  

Review of the centennial development of higher engineering education in China:historical evolution,transformation logic,and future trends

作　　者：胡德鑫 逄丹丹 HU Dexin;PANG Dandan(School of Education,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300354;National Innovation Center for New Engineering Education,Tianjin 300354,China)

机构地区：[1]天津大学教育学院,天津300354 [2]全国新工科教育创新中心,天津300354

出　　处：《高校教育管理》2023年第6期100-113,共14页Journal of Higher Education Management

基　　金：中国工程院战略研究与咨询重大项目(2022-XBZD-24)。

摘　　要：肇始于晚清洋务运动的中国高等工程教育已有150余年的发展历史,在教育与国家的深刻互动中影响着中国社会经济结构的变革历程。基于关键事件法,通过文献梳理研究发现,我国高等工程教育可划分为萌芽与创立、探索与曲折、恢复与跨越、巩固与强化、创新与引领五个发展阶段。国家政策、产业变革与学科自身演化是影响高等工程教育的关键因素,三种力量协调互补、复杂交织,共同构成我国高等工程教育变革的驱动逻辑。推进高等工程教育变革,我国要以持续推进新工科建设为重点,从培养目标、利益主体、教育教学、质量保障和文化重构五个方面,培养具备复杂工程问题解决能力的卓越工程师,以产教融合推动多元主体协同育人,以项目为核心进行课程与教学设计,构建全链条的质量标准与评价体系,以立德树人引领高校文化建设。The higher engineering education,which started in the Westernization Movement in the late Qing Dynasty,has a history of more than 150 years,and has influenced the transformation of China′s social and economic structure in the profound interaction between education and the country.Based on the key event method,through literature review and research,it is found that China′s higher engineering education can be divided into five stages of development:germination and creation,exploration and twists,recovery and leapfrogging,consolidation and strengthening,innovation and leadership.National policy,industrial reform and discipline evolution are the key factors that affect higher engineering education.The three forces are coordinated,complementary and intertwined,which together constitute the driving logic of China′s engineering education reform.To promote the reform of higher engineering education in China,we should focus on continuously promoting the construction of new engineering disciplines,cultivate excellent engineers with the ability to solve complex engineering problems from five aspects of training objectives,training subjects,education and teaching,quality assurance and cultural trends,promote the multi-subject collaborative education mechanism with the integration of industry and education,design the curriculum and teaching with the project as the core,construct the quality standard and evaluation system of the whole chain,and lead the construction of school culture with moral education.

关 键 词：高等工程教育 关键事件法 新工科 国家政策 产业变革 学科演化 立德树人 

分 类 号：G640[文化科学—高等教育学]