准噶尔盆地南缘新生代构造演化研究进展  

A review of Cenozoic tectonic evolution in the southern margin of Junggar Basin

作　　者：仲梦婷 张睿[1,2] ZHONG Mengting;ZHANG Rui(Department of Geology,Northwest University,Xi’an 710069,China;College of Geography and Environmental Sciences,Zhejiang Normal University,Jinhua 321004,China)

机构地区：[1]西北大学地质学系,西安710069 [2]浙江师范大学地理与环境科学学院,金华321004

出　　处：《地球环境学报》2023年第5期505-520,共16页Journal of Earth Environment

摘　　要：新生代印度-欧亚板块碰撞的远程效应是理解中亚构造格局变化的主要机制。随着其远程效应的北移,位于中亚腹地的准噶尔盆地在周边山脉抬升的影响下,南北缘发生构造活动。基于前人的研究成果,将盆地新生代以来的构造演化概括如下:古新世,因基底断裂复活,盆地北部开始发生逆冲推覆活动;渐新世末期,博格达山脉恢复隆升,古牧地背斜发生构造变形;中新世以来,盆地南缘逐渐形成了三排构造带;上新世末期—更新世以来,北部基底断裂活动,南缘西段和东段分别形成浅层背斜和断裂。目前,由于印度-欧亚板块碰撞远程效应的传播模式仍处于探索阶段,因此需要更多的地质证据来证实它在不同阶段的传播方式以及使盆地发生构造变形的机制。Background,aim,and scope The Junggar Basin,situated in the Central Asian hinterland,has experienced significant tectonic evolution since the Paleocene.Over time,the northern margin witnessed mountain uplift,strong thrusting along the basement fault zone,and ongoing tectonic activities,while the Oligocene period saw substantial uplift of the Tianshan Mountains in the southern margin,leading to multi-stage tectonic deformations.Consequently,the dynamic mechanisms underlying basin tectonic deformations during the Cenozoic era vary.Understanding the timing of tectonic activities within the basin since the Cenozoic is crucial for comprehending the Cenozoic tectonic evolution in the basin’s vicinity,Central Asia,and the stress propagation mode resulting from the far-field effects of the India-Eurasia collision since the Neogene.Thus,it is imperative to reconstruct the Cenozoic basin’s tectonic evolution,building upon previous research.Materials and methods This study employs thermochronology,magnetostratigraphy,sedimentology,seismic profiles,and geometric analysis of fault-related folds to elucidate the temporal and spatial distribution of tectonic activity within the basin since the Cenozoic and ascertain the uplift timing of surrounding mountain systems.These methods aid in uncovering the dynamic mechanisms driving tectonic activity within the basin and furthering our comprehension of its Cenozoic tectonic evolution.Results Tectonic activity within the basin commenced around 60 Ma during the Cenozoic,with tectonic deformation manifesting in the southeastern margin during the Oligocene.Subsequently,three sets of reverse fault-anticlinal belts formed in the southern margin of the basin approximately 24-20 Ma,10-8 Ma,and 4 Ma,respectively,due to lateral compression from the Tianshan Mountains.Discussion Since the Cenozoic,tectonic activity in the basin initially began in the northern margin during the Paleocene,before the India-Eurasia collision activated the Tianshan orogenic belt and transmitted compressive stress

关 键 词：准噶尔盆地 新生代 构造活动 逆断裂-背斜带 

分 类 号：P548[天文地球—构造地质学]