硬头黄竹带状皆伐更新恢复的特征  

Regeneration and restoration characteristics of strip-clear cutting of Bambusa rigida

作　　者：江涵宇 蔡春菊 王一 王路君 范少辉 JIANG Hanyu;CAI Chunju;WANG Yi;WANG Lujun;FAN Shaohui(International Centre for Bamboo and Rattan,Beijing 100102,China;National Positioning Observation and Research Station of Bamboo Ecosystem in Changning,Yibin,Sichuan 644000,China)

机构地区：[1]国际竹藤中心,北京100102 [2]四川长宁竹林生态系统定位观测研究站,四川宜宾644000

出　　处：《森林与环境学报》2023年第6期614-621,共8页Journal of Forest and Environment

基　　金：国家“十三五”重点研发项目“竹资源高效培育关键技术研究”(2018YFD0600100);国际竹藤中心基本科研业务费学科项目“带(丛)状采伐竹林生长适应性特征研究”(1632020003)。

摘　　要：选择生长状况一致的硬头黄竹林,设置4个带状采伐带(D1、D2、D3、D4),调查并分析采伐后竹林的笋期特征(成竹数和退笋数)、成竹特征(平均胸径和生物量)以及保留带竹林的生长情况,分析带状皆伐对硬头黄竹更新恢复的影响。结果表明,各采伐带及CK的硬头黄竹成竹数逐年下降,2018、2020年各采伐带的硬头黄竹成竹数均以D4采伐带最多,分别为9787、2688株·hm^(-2);2019年D4采伐带的硬头黄竹成竹数则略低于D3采伐带。采伐后3 a间,4个采伐带的硬头黄竹退笋数皆少于CK。2018年各采伐带的硬头黄竹平均胸径皆显著小于CK(P<0.05),2020年各采伐带的硬头黄竹平均胸径和CK间无显著差异。2019年D1~D2、D2~D3、D3~D4保留带的硬头黄竹生物量与2018、2020年差异显著(P<0.05),而成竹数与平均胸径则是2020年与2018、2019年差异显著(P<0.05)。采伐后3 a间,保留带硬头黄竹的成竹数和生物量先上升后下降,平均胸径则逐年递增。采伐带的硬头黄竹成竹数相比保留带变化幅度大,2020年采伐带的硬头黄竹平均胸径达到保留带水平,但总生物量仍远低于保留带。带状皆伐宽度显著影响了硬头黄竹林的恢复更新能力,其中采伐3 a后D4采伐带的硬头黄竹总体恢复质量较好,D2~D3保留带的硬头黄竹生长质量最佳。Four ribbon-clear cutting zones(D1,D2,D3,D4)were set to investigate and analyze the bamboo shoot stage characteristics(the amount of bamboo,the amount of bamboo shoots),bamboo growth characteristics(mean diameter at breast height,biomass)and the growth of bamboo trees between reservation zones.The effects of ribbon-clear cutting on regeneration and recovery of bamboo trees were analyzed.The results showed that the number of Bambusa rigida formed in each cutting zone and CK decreased with each passing year.In 2018 and 2020,the number of B.rigida formed in D4 cutting zone was the highest,which was 9787 tree·hm^(-2)and 2688 tree·hm^(-2),respectively,while in 2019,it was slightly lower than that in D3 cutting zone.In the three years,the number of returned shoots in the four cutting zones was less than that in CK.The mean diameter at breast height of B.rigida treated in 2018 was significantly lower than CK(P<0.05),and there was no significant difference between the mean diameter at breast height of B.rigida treated in 2020 and CK.The biomass of D1-D2,D2-D3,D3-D4 reservation zones and CK in 2019 were significantly different from those in 2018 and 2020(P<0.05),while the number of formed bamboo and he mean diameter at breast height of B.rigida in 2020 were significantly different from those in 2018 and 2019(P<0.05).The amount of bamboos and biomass increased first and then decreased,while the mean diameter at breast height increased with each passing year.Compared with the reservation zone,the number of B.rigida in the cutting zone changed greatly.In 2020,the mean diameter at breast height of B.rigida in the cutting zone reached the level of the reservation zone,but the total biomass was still much lower than that in the reservation zone.The total recovery quality of D4 felling zone was better after 3 years of felling,and that of D2-D3 retention zone was the best.

关 键 词：硬头黄竹 带状皆伐 生物量 恢复更新 

分 类 号：S727.15[农业科学—林木遗传育种]