瓜果废弃物厌氧发酵产酸及发酵液作为反硝化外加碳源的研究  

Study on acids production from fruit wastes by anaerobic fermentation and the fermentation liquid as carbon source for denitrification

作　　者：侯银萍 东王涛 张安龙 王先宝 裴立影 HOU Yin-ping;DONG Wang-tao;ZHANG An-long;WANG Xian-bao;PEI Li-ying(School of Environmental Science and Engineering,Shaanxi University of Science&Technology,Xi′an 710021,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西科技大学环境科学与工程学院,陕西西安710021

出　　处：《陕西科技大学学报》2023年第6期20-27,共8页Journal of Shaanxi University of Science & Technology

基　　金：陕西省科技厅重点研发计划项目(2022SF-234);陕西省咸阳市重点研发计划项目(L2022ZDYFSF049)。

摘　　要：瓜果废弃物有机质含量高,传统的填埋焚烧等处理方法易造成环境污染.针对城市污水处理中存在的生物脱氮碳源不足问题,厌氧发酵技术能够将此类有机废弃物降解转化为有机酸作为补充碳源,促进生物脱氮.为此,课题组以瓜果废弃物作为研究对象,通过批式实验方法,分别探索了接种乳酸菌和厌氧污泥条件下,接种比(F/M=0.5、1.0和1.5)和发酵菌种类对瓜果废弃物中温厌氧发酵产酸的影响,并考察发酵液作为反硝化外加碳源的利用性能.结果表明:乳酸菌发酵时,F/M=1.0和1.5条件下发酵液的挥发性脂肪酸(Volatile Fatty Acids,VFAs)产量分别为9145±781 mg COD/L和7916±1081 mg COD/L,均大于F/M=0.5的VFAs产量,主要产物均以戊酸为主;厌氧污泥发酵时,F/M=0.5条件下的发酵液VFAs产量在11 d时最大,为11675±578 mg COD/L,其中乙酸占VFAs总量的67%.分别以乳酸菌发酵组F/M=1.0和1.5条件下的发酵液、厌氧污泥发酵组F/M=0.5的发酵液为碳源,进行活性污泥缺氧反硝化脱氮实验,污泥反硝化速率分别为:5.75 mg NO_(3)^(-)-N/(g MLSS·h)、3.68 mg NO_(3)^(-)-N/(g MLSS·h)和8.46 mg NO_(3)^(-)-N/(g MLSS·h),而对照组以乙酸钠为碳源时,反硝化速率为6.44 mg NO_(3)^(-)-N/(g MLSS·h).研究结果表明,采用厌氧污泥进行瓜果废弃物中温发酵,接种比F/M为0.5时,发酵产酸量最大,且发酵液作为活性污泥反硝化脱氮外加碳源时具有良好的利用性能.研究结果为后续深入探究瓜果废弃物资源化利用及活性污泥反硝化碳源开发提供了一定的理论参考.The organic matter content of melon and fruit waste is high,and the conventional landfill treatment method is easily to induce environmental pollution.Aiming at the problem of insufficient carbon sources for biological denitrification in urban sewage treatment,anaerobic fermentation technology can degrade such organic waste into organic acids as supplementary carbon sources to promote biological denitrification.Therefore,in this research,the effects of inoculation ratio(F/M=0.5,1.0 and 1.5)and the type of fermentation bacteria on the acid production of mesophilic anaerobic fermentation of melon and fruit waste were researched by batch experiments under the conditions of inoculation of lactic acid bacteria and anaerobic sludge.The results demonstrated that the volatile fatty acids(VFAs)yields were 9145±781 mg COD/L and 7916±1081 mg COD/L under the conditions of F/M=1.0 and 1.5,both of which were higher than that of VFAs yields at F/M=0.5,and the primary product was valeric acid.During anaerobic sludge fermentation,the VFAs production of fermentation broth under the condition of F/M=0.5 reached the maximum at 11 d,which was 11675±578 mg COD/L,and acetic acid accounted for 67%of the total VFAs.The anaerobic denitrification experiments of activated sludge were conducted out with the fermentation broth of lactic acid bacteria fermentation group under F/M=1.0 and 1.5 and the fermentation broth of anaerobic sludge fermentation group under F/M=0.5 as carbon sources.The denitrification rates of sludge were 5.75 mg NO_(3)^(-)-N/(g MLSS·h),3.68 mg NO_(3)^(-)-N/(g MLSS·h)and 8.46 mg NO_(3)^(-)-N/(g MLSS·h),while the control group utilized sodium acetate as carbon source.The denitrification rate was 6.44 mg NO_(3)^(-)-N/(g MLSS·h).The results demonstrated that anaerobic sludge was utilized for the moderate temperature fermentation of melon and fruit waste.When the inoculation ratio F/M was 0.5,the acid output was the largest,and the fermentation broth had great utilization performance as an external carbon source for d

关 键 词：瓜果废弃物 厌氧发酵产酸 碳源利用 反硝化脱氮 

分 类 号：X705[环境科学与工程—环境工程]