鱼类良种良养良销体系的建立  

The system establishment of improved seed,healthy aquaculture and high-quality sales of fish

作　　者：王石[1,2] 许庆林 覃钦博 陶敏[1,2] 张纯 周毅[1,2] 罗凯坤 胡方舟[1,2] 王余德 刘庆峰[1,2] 赵如榕 吴昌[1,2] 刘少军 WANG Shi;XU Qinglin;QIN Qinbo;TAO Min;ZHANG Chun;ZHOU Yi;LUO Kaikun;HU Fangzhou;WANG Yude;LIU Qingfeng;ZHAO Rurong;WU Chang;LIU Shaojun(State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish,Hunan Normal University,Changsha 410081,China;Engineering Research Center of Polyploid Fish Reproduction and Breeding of the State Education Ministry,College of Life Sciences,Hunan Normal University,Changsha 410081,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南师范大学,省部共建淡水鱼类发育生物学国家重点实验室,湖南长沙410081 [2]湖南师范大学生命科学学院,多倍体鱼繁殖与育种技术教育部工程研究中心,湖南长沙410081

出　　处：《水产学报》2023年第11期7-31,共25页Journal of Fisheries of China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(32293252,32373119,U19A2040);湖南省青年科技人才托举工程项目(2023TJ-N02);长沙市杰出创新青年培养计划(kq2107006);湖南省科技创新计划(2022RC1162);岭南现代农业实验室科研项目(NT2021008);国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-45);鱼类生殖发育与遗传育种创新引智基地项目(D20007);湖南创新型省份建设专项(2021NK1010)。

摘　　要：目前我国水产业以养殖为主,捕捞为辅。在2022年的水产品产量中,淡水养殖占47.91%,海水养殖占33.15%,捕捞占18.94%。在水产养殖中,鱼类养殖产量占52.16%,呈现出举足轻重的地位。“良种良养良销”是水产业中三个重要的组成部分,“良种”是水产业的龙头,“良养”是水产业的保障,加工、销售等“良销”环节是拉动水产业发展的重要动力。20世纪50年代以来,我国水产业取得了长足发展,为广大人民提供了丰富的水产品,解决了“吃鱼难”的问题。然而,目前我国水产业中有种无业、有业无种等现象还比较严重,没有从根本上解决“吃好鱼”及“吃放心鱼”的问题,为了加快我国水产业的发展,作者认为很有必要建立和实施“良种良养良销”体系,以推动我国水产业高质量发展。Currently,China’s aquaculture industry is mainly based on aquaculture,supplemented by fishing.In 2022,freshwater aquaculture accounted for 47.91%of aquatic production,marine aquaculture accounted for 33.14%,and fishing accounted for 18.94%.In aquaculture,the yield of fish farming accounted for 52.16%,showing a pivotal position.“Improved seed,healthy aquaculture and high-quality sales”are the three important components of the aquaculture industry.“Improved seed”is the leading part of the aquaculture industry,“healthy aquaculture”is the guarantee of the aquaculture industry,and“high-quality sales”links such as processing and sales are the important driving force for the development of the aquaculture industry.Since the 1950s,China’s aquaculture industry has made great progress,which has provided rich aquatic products for the broad masses of people and solved the problem of“difficulty in eating fish”.However,at present,in China’s aquaculture industry,there are problems such as having varieties but with imperfect market and insufficient industrialization or having an industry but no high-quality varieties,and the problem of“eating good fish”and“eating safe fish”has not been fundamentally solved.In order to accelerate the development of China’s aquaculture industry,the authors believe that it is necessary to establish and implement a system of improved seed,healthy aquaculture and high-quality sales,so as to contribute to the high-quality development of the aquaculture industry in our country.

关 键 词：鱼类 良种 良养 良销 水产业 

分 类 号：S965[农业科学—水产养殖]