以零碳宜人活力为目标的“英国第一生态城镇”规划建设——西北比斯特生态城镇案例分析  

Planning Analysis of First Eco-town in UK with the Goal of Zero-carbon Pleasant Vitality:Analysis of the North-west Bister Planning Case

作　　者：董晓峰[1,2] 付杰 杨保军 卢源[1] DONG Xiaofeng;FU Jie;YANG Baojun;LIU Yuan

机构地区：[1]北京交通大学建筑与艺术学院,北京100044 [2]北京交通大学城市规划设计研究院,北京100044 [3]住房和城乡建设部,北京100835

出　　处：《城市发展研究》2023年第9期I0029-I0034,共6页Urban Development Studies

基　　金：国家重点研发计划“城市群都市圈空间优化关键技术课题四”(编号2022YFC3800104);国家自然科学基金项目(编号41271184);国家自然科学基金项目(编号40671061)。

摘　　要：英国城乡规划建设界不仅于20世纪末较早提出以生态城镇化规划建设来落实城市可持续发展理念与政策导向,也是21世纪开展生态城市规划实践的先锋国家。西北比斯特生态城镇是英国生态城镇规划建设实践的典型代表,被誉为英国第一生态城镇。从两个方面开展研究,第一部分为英国生态城镇规划实践的背景与进程分析,主要说明了从1999年贝丁村生态住区试点到21世纪以来英国政府开展生态城镇规划行动,尤其是西北比斯特生态城镇规划建设的进程。第二部分为西北比斯特生态城镇规划重点内容引介与分析,主要从选址、规模、功能体系、绿色空间、空间格局、水系统、能源系统、交通系统等方面,较为系统地引介、总结与分析了西北比斯特生态城镇规划的特征,深度展示了英国生态城镇规划的主体内容与先进水平,体现与落实了城市生态系统内外系统良性运行的方式、技术特征,并归纳其对我国生态城市规划建设的启示。The United Kingdom is not only the country,which proposed the eco town planning construction to implement a consensus on sustainable development in the late of 20th century,but also a pioneering country in the practice of eco-city planning at the beginning of 21st century.The Northwest Bicester,which is called the first eco town in UK,is the typical case of British eco town planning practice.This paper has carried out research from two aspects.The first part is the background and process analysis of the British eco town planning practice,which mainly introduces the British government's eco town planning action since the pilot of Bedzed eco residential area in 1999 to the beginning of the 21st century,this part also includs the process of eco town planning and construction of Northwest Bicester.The second part is the key content introduction and analysis of eco town planning of Northwest Bicester.It systematically introduces,summarizes and analyzes the characteristics of eco town planning of Northwest Bicester from site selection,scale,functional system,green space,spatial pattern,water system,energy system,transportation system,etc,and deeply shows the main content and advanced level.It also reflects and implements the way and technical characteristics of the best operation and circle of the urban ecosystem.Summarizes its enlightenment to China's ecological city planning and construction.

关 键 词：英国 生态城镇 西北比斯特 规划解析 

分 类 号：TU984[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]