模拟氮沉降对朝鲜槐幼树光合生理特征的短期影响  

Short-term Effects of Young Maackia amurensis Trees’Light Response to Simulated Nitrogen Deposition

作　　者：杨文雅 何怀江 程艳霞[1] 范秀华[1] Yang Wenya;He Huaijiang;Cheng Yanxia;Fan Xiuhua(Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,P.R.China;Jilin Academy of Forestry)

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学,北京100083 [2]吉林省林科院

出　　处：《东北林业大学学报》2023年第11期45-48,53,共5页Journal of Northeast Forestry University

基　　金：国家重点研发计划重点专项项目(2022YFD2201003);吉林省科技发展计划项目(20210508012RQ)。

摘　　要：为研究模拟氮沉降对朝鲜槐(Maackia amurensis)幼树光合生理特征的短期影响,采用尿素作为氮源分别在对照(CK)、低氮(50 kg·hm^(-2))和高氮(100 kg·hm^(-2))3个模拟氮沉降梯度下测量了朝鲜槐幼树部分叶片指标、光合-光响应曲线、光合-CO_(2)响应曲线。结果表明:随着施氮量的增加,朝鲜槐幼树的叶片相对氮质量分数、叶片SPAD值、叶片含水率均增大,平均叶面积表现为先升后降。对朝鲜槐进行光合-光响应曲线测量发现,朝鲜槐的最大净光合速率在高氮处理时为26.33μmol·m^(-2)·s-1,显著高于CK和低氮处理(P<0.05),暗呼吸速率和光强利用范围在高氮处理时达到最大,氮添加激发了朝鲜槐幼树的光合潜力。对朝鲜槐进行光合-CO_(2)响应曲线测量发现,朝鲜槐的最大净光合速率在3种施氮处理时无显著差异,但施氮处理的光呼吸速率显著大于CK,CO_(2)利用范围和最大净光合速率在CK时达到最大值,但与其他施氮处理无显著差异。随着施氮量的增加,朝鲜槐的蒸腾速率增加,净光合速率升高,胞间CO_(2)摩尔分数及气孔导度显著降低。低氮处理与高氮处理的水分利用效率低于CK。In order to study the short-term response of photosynthetic physiological characteristics of Maackia amurensis young trees to simulated nitrogen deposition,some leaf indicators and photosynthetic-light response curves and photosynthetic-CO_(2)response curves of young M.amurensis trees were measured in three simulated nitrogen deposition treatments:control(CK),low nitrogen(50 kg·hm^(-2))and high nitrogen(100 kg·hm^(-2))by using uranium as the nitrogen source.The results showed that:the leaf relative N mass fraction,leaf SPAD values and leaf water content of M.amurensis increased with increasing nitrogen application,and the leaf area showed a change of increasing and then decreasing.Photosynthetic-light response curves of M.amurensis showed that the maximum net photosynthetic rate was 26.33μmol·m^(-2)·s-1 at the high nitrogen treatment,which was significantly higher than that at the CK and low nitrogen treatment(P<0.05),and the dark respiration rate and light intensity utilization reached a maximum at the high nitrogen treatment.Nitrogen addition stimulated the photosynthetic potential of young M.amurensis trees.The maximum net photosynthetic rates were not significantly different among the three nitrogen application treatments in the results of the photosynthetic-CO_(2)response curves,the photorespiration rates at the low nitrogen treatment and high nitrogen treatment were significantly greater than that at CK,and the range of CO_(2)utilization and maximum net photosynthetic rate was the greatest at CK,but the differences were not significant.With increasing nitrogen application,the photosynthetic gas exchange parameters of M.amurensis showed an increase in transpiration rate and net photosynthetic rate,intercellular CO_(2)mole fraction and stomatal conductance were significantly reduced,water use efficiency at the low and high nitrogen treatment were lower than that at CK.

关 键 词：朝鲜槐 氮沉降 光合特性 

分 类 号：S792[农业科学—林木遗传育种]