哈密市鹅喉羚夏秋季种群数量与生境适宜性评估  

Resource Survey and Habitat Assessment of Gazella subgutturosa in Summer and Autumn in Hami,Xinjiang

作　　者：董培培 高文佳 程勇翔[1] 赛甫拉·苏巴 阿不都艾尼·克力木 王蕊蕊 韩廷 夏米西丁·阿不都热依木 DONG Peipei;GAO Wenjia;CHENG Yongxiang;SUBA Sayphula;KERIM Abdugini;WANG Ruirui;HAN Ting;ABDURIYIM Shamshidin(College of Life Sciences,Shihezi University,Shihezi,832003,China;Hami Forestry and Grassland Administration(Wildlife Conservation Center),Hami,839099,China;Wildlife Conservation Center,Yiwu County Forestry and Grassland Bureau,Yiwu,839300,China;School of Life Science,Peking University,Beijing,100871,China;Key Laboratory of Oasis Town and Mountain Basin System Ecology Corps,Shihezi University,Shihezi,832003,China)

机构地区：[1]石河子大学生命科学学院,石河子832003 [2]哈密市林业和草原局(野生动植物保护中心),哈密839099 [3]伊吾县林业和草原局野生动植物保护中心,伊吾839300 [4]北京大学生命科学学院,北京100871 [5]石河子大学绿洲城镇与山盆系统生态兵团重点实验室,石河子832003

出　　处：《野生动物学报》2023年第4期715-726,共12页CHINESE JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(32260328);哈密市2022年中央林业改革发展资金(国家重点野生动植物保护补助)项目(HRDX(2022)-02)。

摘　　要：调查物种种群数量及适宜生境分布是合理保护野生动物和制定管理对策的基础。为了解鹅喉羚(Gazella subgutturosa)在哈密市的种群数量与适宜生境,2022年7—9月,采用样线法对哈密市鹅喉羚种群数量和地理分布开展调查,采用Distance软件和MaxEnt模型对鹅喉羚的种群数量及适宜生境进行计算。结果表明:调查中发现鹅喉羚303群,共1029只。鹅喉羚适宜生境主要位于天山南侧的荒漠地区,面积为1.7259万km^(2),占哈密市面积的12.15%,估算哈密市的种群密度为(2.013±0.432)只/km^(2),集群大小多集中在1~10只,最大为21只,结合哈密市鹅喉羚适宜生境面积,得到其种群数量为(34742±7455)只。MaxEnt模型的AUC平均值为0.939,预测准确性较高。影响鹅喉羚分布的主要环境因子依次为人为影响、海拔、等温性和最冷季平均气温。研究明确了影响鹅喉羚分布的关键因子,估算了种群大小,为制定鹅喉羚有效管理与保护政策提供理论依据。The investigation of population size and the distribution of suitable habitats provides a baseline for effective conservation of wildlife and making rational management strategies.In order to estimate the population size,structure,and suitable habitat of Gazella subgutturosa in Hami,Xinjiang,we carried out field investigations by line transect from July to September 2022.Distance software and the MaxEnt model were used for data analyses.Results showed that 303 herds with a total of 1,029 individuals were recorded.The prediction accuracy of the MaxEnt model was high,with an average AUC of 0.939.The suitable habitat for G.subgutturosa was about 17,259 km^(2),which accounted for 12.15% of Hami City and was mainly located in the basin on the south side of the eastern Tianshan Mountains.The estimated population density was(2.013±0.432) individual/km^(2),and the herd size mostly ranged from 1 to 10,with a maximum of 21.The population size was estimated to be(34,742±7,455) individuals when the appropriate habitat area was integrated.The main factors determining the distribution of G.subgutturosa were human disturbance,altitude,isothermality,and mean temperature in the coldest season.Our results provide a theoretical basis for making management and protection policies for G.subgutturosa.

关 键 词：鹅喉羚 种群数量 种群结构 荒漠物种 生境适宜性 MAXENT 

分 类 号：Q958.1[生物学—动物学]